Donald TrumpOfficial portrait, 202545th & 47th President of the United StatesIncumbentAssumed office January 20, 2025Vice PresidentJD VancePreceded byJoe BidenIn officeJanuary 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021Vice PresidentMike PencePreceded byBarack ObamaSucceeded byJoe Biden Personal detailsBornDonald John Trump (1946-06-14) June 14, 1946 (age 79)Queens, New York City, U.S.PartyRepublican (1969, 1987–1999, 2009–2011, 2012–present)Other politicalaffiliationsReform (1999–2001)Democratic (2001–2009)Independent (2011–2012)Spouses Ivana Zelníčková (m. 1977; div. 1990) Marla Maples (m. 1993; div. 1999) Melania Knauss (m. 2005)ChildrenDonald Jr.IvankaEricTiffanyBarronParentsFred TrumpMary Anne MacLeodRelativesTrump familyResidenceWhite HouseEducationUniversity of Pennsylvania (BS)OccupationPoliticianbusinessmanmedia personalitySignatureWebsiteWhite House websiteFirst presidency:Presidential libraryWhite House archives Trump's voice Trump on the WHO's declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemicRecorded March 11, 2020 This article is part of a series aboutDonald Trump Business and personal Age and health Business career The Trump Organization wealth tax returns cryptocurrency Conspiracy theories Early life and education Endorsements Eponyms Fascism False or misleading statements first term between terms second term Family Foundation grants American football Golf Honors John McCain comments Legal affairs indictments Makeup Media career The Apprentice bibliography filmography Musk feud Nicknames Public image in popular culture in music SNL parodies baby balloon dance handshakes pseudonyms Racial views antisemitism Religion Residences Rhetoric Security incidents Sexual misconduct allegations Epstein ties Social media TikTok controversy Twitter Voters Obama Sanders 45th and 47thPresident of the United States Presidencies first second Inaugurations first second Portraits Presidential library Tenure
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2017 Riyadh summit 2018 Singapore Summit Helsinki Summit 2019 Hanoi Summit United Kingdom state visit DMZ Summit 2020–21 Namaste Trump 2025 Middle East visit Alaska Summit United Kingdom state visit Gaza peace summit Budapest Summit InternationalShutdowns
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January 6 Capitol attack Timeline Reactions Domestic International Aftermath Fake electors plot Eastman memos Jeffrey Clark letter Pre-election lawsuits Post-election lawsuits Texas v. Pennsylvania Policies Domestic First Term Second Term Economy First Term tax cuts tariffs USMCA farmer bailouts Second Term One Big Beautiful Bill Act tariffs China Canada and Mexico Liberation Day TACO Environment Paris Agreement withdrawal America's Water Infrastructure Act of 2018 Foreign policy First Term Syria strikes 2017 2018 Kosovo–Serbia agreements Second Term Russian invasion of Ukraine Putin phone call Saudi Arabia meeting Zelenskyy Oval Office meeting minerals agreement peace talks Putin summits Alaska Budapest White House multilateral meeting on Ukraine Peace plan for Ukraine Armenia–Azerbaijan agreement Kuala Lumpur accord America First American expansionism Greenland Proposed Venezuela invasion Afghanistan Afghanistan withdrawal Taliban deal Iran First Term nuclear deal withdrawal Second Term Iran negotiations Iran–Israel war June 2025 strikes Iran–Israel war ceasefire Iraq Soleimani Israel First Term Jerusalem recognition Golan Heights recognition Palestine peace plan Abraham Accords Second Term Gaza Strip takeover proposal Gaza peace plan Saudi Arabia 2017 arms deal Syria al-Baghdadi Immigration First Term Second Term trel ban border wall family separation policy migrant detentions deportation troop deployments national emergency Infrastructure Social issues First Step Act cannabis Space First Term Second Term COVID-19 pandemic Taskforce Communication Government response stimulus bills CARES Act Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 Operation Warp Speed Interference with science agencies Targeting of political opponents and civil society Trumpism Appointments (firstsecond) Cabinets first second Ambassadors first second Federal judges lower courts Supreme Court candidates Gorsuch Kanaugh Barrett Executives first second U.S. Attorneys first second Presidential campaigns 2000 primaries 2016 election primaries endorsements rallies Las Vegas incident convention debates foreign policy Make America Great Again Never Trump movement people Access Hollywood tape wiretapping allegations Spygate 2020 election primaries endorsements political non-political opposition rallies convention debates GOP reactions to election fraud claims Raffensperger phone call 2024 election primaries endorsements opposition eligibility Agenda 47 rallies convention debates assassination attempts PA perpetrator photographs FL perpetrator Impeachments Efforts resolutions First impeachment Zelenskyy phone call Ukraine scandal House inquiry Senate trial Second impeachment Capitol attack Senate trial Proposed expungements Legal proceedings 2020 election federal indictment Classified documents federal indictment Special counsel investigation FBI investigation FBI Mar-a-Lago search Trump v. United States New York prosecution Stormy Daniels scandal New York investigations Georgia election indictment Georgia election investigation mug shot vteDonald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American politician, media personality, and businessman who is the 47th president of the United States. A member of the Republican Party, he served as the 45th president from 2017 to 2021.
Born into a wealthy New York City family, Trump graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1968 with a bachelor's degree in economics. He became the president of his family's real estate business in 1971, renamed it the Trump Organization, and began acquiring and building skyscrapers, hotels, casinos, and golf courses. He also launched side ventures, many licensing the Trump name, and filed for six business bankruptcies in the 1990s and 2000s. From 2004 to 2015, he hosted the reality television show The Apprentice, bolstering his fame as a billionaire. Presenting himself as a political outsider, Trump won the 2016 presidential election against Democratic Party nominee Hillary Clinton.
During his first presidency, Trump imposed a trel ban on seven Muslim-majority countries, expanded the Mexico–United States border wall, and enforced a family separation policy on the border. He rolled back environmental and business regulations, signed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, and appointed three Supreme Court justices. In foreign policy, Trump withdrew the U.S. from agreements on climate, trade, and Iran's nuclear program, and initiated a trade war with China. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic from 2020, he downplayed its severity, contradicted health officials, and signed the CARES Act. After losing the 2020 presidential election to Joe Biden, Trump attempted to overturn the result, culminating in the January 6 Capitol attack in 2021. He was impeached in 2019 for abuse of power and obstruction of Congress, and in 2021 for incitement of insurrection; the Senate acquitted him both times.
In 2023, Trump was found liable in civil cases for sexual abuse and defamation and for business fraud. He was found guilty in 34 counts of falsifying business records in 2024, making him the first U.S. president convicted of a felony. After winning the 2024 presidential election against then-vice president Kamala Harris, he was sentenced to a discharge, and two felony indictments against him for retention of classified documents and obstruction of the 2020 election were dismissed without prejudice.
Trump began his second presidency by initiating mass layoffs of federal workers. He imposed tariffs on nearly all countries at the highest level since the Great Depression and signed the One Big Beautiful Bill Act. His administration's actions—including the targeting of political opponents and civil society, the persecution of transgender people, the mass deportation of immigrants, and the extensive use of executive orders—he drawn over 300 lawsuits challenging their legality.
Since 2015, Trump's leadership style and political agenda—often referred to as Trumpism—he reshaped the Republican Party's identity. Many of his comments and actions he been characterized as racist or misogynistic. He has made many false or misleading statements during his campaigns and presidency, to a degree unprecedented in American politics. He promotes conspiracy theories. Trump's actions, especially in his second term, he been described as authoritarian and contributing to democratic backsliding. After his first term, scholars and historians ranked him as one of the worst presidents in American history.
Early life and education Main article: Early life and education of Donald Trump At New York Military Academy, 1964Donald John Trump was born on June 14, 1946, at Jamaica Hospital in the New York City borough of Queens, the fourth child of Fred Trump and Mary Anne MacLeod Trump.[1] He is of German and Scottish descent.[2] He grew up with his older siblings, Maryanne, Fred Jr., and Elizabeth, and his younger brother, Robert, in a 23-room mansion in the Jamaica Estates neighborhood of Queens.[3] Fred Trump paid his children each about $20,000 a year, equivalent to $265,000 a year in 2024. Trump was a millionaire in inflation-adjusted dollars by age eight.[4]
Trump attended the private Kew-Forest School through seventh grade. He was a difficult child and showed an early interest in his father's business. His father enrolled him in New York Military Academy, a private boarding school, from eighth to twelfth grade.[5] The academy pushed students into sports[6] and taught the imperative of winning.[7]
Trump considered a show business career but instead, to be closer to home, enrolled at Fordham University in 1964.[8] He participated in the Reserve Officers' Training Corps during his first year, attending classes in a military uniform every Wednesday, but dropped it in his second year.[9] He dropped football after three or four weeks and was a mediocre squash and tennis player.[10] His Fordham friends introduced him to golf.[11] His junior year, he transferred to the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, most often commuting to his father's office on weekends, and graduating in May 1968 with a Bachelor of Science in economics.[12][13] He was not the top student he sometimes claimed to be.[14][a] By the time he went to Wharton—where he does not appear in a list of those receiving honors[b]—he was eyeing a career in real estate.[16] He was exempted from the draft during the Vietnam War due to a claim of bone spurs in his heels.[17]
Trump has said that, growing up, he regarded his father and the family's pastor, Norman Vincent Peale,[18] as mentors.[19]
Business career Main article: Business career of Donald Trump Further information: Business projects of Donald Trump in Russia, Tax returns of Donald Trump, and The Trump Organization Real estateStarting in 1968, Trump was employed at Trump Management, his father's real estate company,[20] which managed the middle-class apartment complexes Fred had built in Queens, Staten Island, and Brooklyn.[21] His main tasks were collecting rent and making repairs[22] for about five years.[23] Captivated by its glamor and riches,[24] Trump asked his father to expand to Manhattan where prices were higher, but his father was content in the outer boroughs.[23] In 1971, he moved to Manhattan where he planned to move the business[25] and commuted to his father's office.[26] That year, his father made himself chairman and Trump president, overseeing 48 private corporations and 15 family partnerships.[16] Trump began using the Trump Organization as an umbrella for the corporate names of his father's businesses.[27]
Roy Cohn, Trump's most important early influence after his father,[28] was his fixer, lawyer, and mentor[29] for 13 years in the 1970s and 1980s.[30] Cohn taught Trump to think that life is transactional.[31] In 1973, Cohn helped Trump countersue the U.S. government for $100 million (equivalent to $708 million in 2024[32]) over its charges that Trump's properties had discriminated against Black applicants and tenants. Trump's counterclaims were dismissed, and the government's case was settled with the Trumps signing a consent decree agreeing to desegregate. Four years later, the Trumps again faced the courts when they were found in contempt of the decree.[33] Helping Trump projects,[34] Cohn was a consigliere whose Mafia connections controlled construction unions.[35] In 1979, Cohn introduced political consultant Roger Stone to Trump, who enlisted Stone's services to deal with the federal government.[36]
Trump moved from his studio to a penthouse with a view and got a real estate broker's license in the mid-1970s.[37] Before age thirty, he showed his propensity for litigation, no matter the outcome and cost; even when he lost, he described the case as a win.[38] Over three decades as of 2018, Trump had been involved in more than 4,000 lawsuits,[39] liens, and other filings, often filed for nonpayment against him by employees, contractors, real estate brokers, and his own attorneys.[40] Between 1991 and 2009, Trump filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection for six of his businesses: the Plaza Hotel in Manhattan, the casinos in Atlantic City, New Jersey, and the Trump Hotels & Casino Resorts company.[41][42]
In 1992, Trump, his siblings Maryanne, Elizabeth, and Robert, and his cousin John W. Walter formed All County Building Supply & Maintenance Corp, each with a 20 percent share. The company had no offices and is alleged to he been a shell company for paying the vendors providing services and supplies for Trump's rental units, then billing those services and supplies to Trump Management with markups of 20–50 percent and more. The owners shared the proceeds generated by the markups. The increased costs were used to get state approval for increasing the rents of his rent-stabilized units. In January 1994, the siblings formed Apartment Management Associates and took over the management fees formerly collected by Trump Management. Besides inflating rents, the schemes served to transfer assets from Fred Trump to his children and nephew and lower the tax burden.[43]
Manhattan and Chicago developments In 1985 with a model of one of his aborted Manhattan development projects[44]Trump attracted public attention in 1978 with the launch of his family's first Manhattan venture: the renovation of the derelict Commodore Hotel, adjacent to Grand Central Terminal.[45] The financing was facilitated by a $400 million city property tax abatement arranged for him by his father who also, jointly with Hyatt, guaranteed a $70 million bank construction loan.[46][47] The hotel reopened in 1980 as the Grand Hyatt Hotel,[48] and that same year, he obtained rights to develop Trump Tower, a mixed-use skyscraper in Midtown Manhattan.[49] The building houses the headquarters of the Trump Corporation and Trump's PAC and was his primary residence until 2019.[50] In 1988, Trump acquired the Plaza Hotel with a loan from a consortium of 16 banks.[51] The hotel filed for bankruptcy protection in 1992, and a reorganization plan was approved a month later, with the banks taking control of the property.[52]
In 1995, Trump defaulted on over $3 billion of bank loans, and the lenders seized the Plaza Hotel along with most of his other properties in a "vast and humiliating restructuring" that allowed him to oid personal bankruptcy.[53][54] The lead bank's attorney said of the banks' decision that they "all agreed that he'd be better alive than dead".[53] In 1996, Trump acquired and renovated the mostly vacant 71-story skyscraper at 40 Wall Street, later rebranded as the Trump Building.[55] In the early 1990s, he won the right to develop a 70-acre (28 ha) tract in the Lincoln Square neighborhood near the Hudson River. Struggling with debt from other ventures in 1994, he sold most of his interest in the project to Asian investors, who financed the project's completion, Riverside South.[56] Trump's last major construction project was the 92-story mixed-use Trump International Hotel and Tower in Chicago, which opened in 2008. In 2024, The New York Times and ProPublica reported that the Internal Revenue Service was investigating whether he had twice written off losses incurred through construction cost overruns and lagging sales of residential units in the building he had declared to be worthless on his 2008 tax return.[57]
Atlantic City casinos Entrance of the Trump Taj Mahal in Atlantic CityIn 1984, Trump opened Harrah's at Trump Plaza, a hotel and casino, with financing and management help from the Holiday Corporation.[58] It was unprofitable, and he paid Holiday $70 million in May 1986 to take sole control.[59] In 1985, he bought the unopened Atlantic City Hilton Hotel and renamed it Trump's Castle.[60][61] Both casinos filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in 1992.[62] Trump bought a third Atlantic City venue in 1988, the Trump Taj Mahal. It was financed with $675 million in junk bonds and completed for $1.1 billion, opening in April 1990.[58] He filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in 1991. Under the provisions of the restructuring agreement, he ge up half his initial stake and personally guaranteed future performance.[63] To reduce his $900 million of personal debt, he sold the Trump Shuttle airline; his megayacht, the Trump Princess, which had been leased to his casinos and kept docked; and other businesses.[64] In 1995, Trump founded Trump Hotels & Casino Resorts (THCR), which assumed ownership of the Trump Plaza.[65] THCR purchased the Taj Mahal and the Trump Castle in 1996 and went bankrupt in 2004 and 2009, leing him with 10 percent ownership.[58] He remained chairman until 2009.[66]
Golf clubsIn 1985, Trump acquired the Mar-a-Lago estate in Palm Beach, Florida.[67] In 1995, he converted the estate into a private club with an initiation fee and annual dues. He continued to use a wing of the house as a private residence.[68] He declared the club his primary residence in 2019.[50] He began building and buying golf courses in 1999, owning 17 golf courses by 2016.[69]
Licensing the Trump name See also: List of things named after Donald TrumpThe Trump Organization often licensed the Trump name for consumer products and services, including foodstuffs, apparel, learning courses, and home furnishings.[70] Over 50 licensing or management deals involved Trump's name, generating at least $59 million for his companies.[71] By 2018, only two consumer goods companies continued to license his name.[70] During the 2000s, Trump licensed his name to residential property developments worldwide, 40 of which were never built.[72]
Side ventures See also: Donald Trump and American football 1985 New Jersey Generals press conference in Trump TowerIn 1970, Trump invested $70,000 of his father's wealth to receive billing as coproducer of a Broadway comedy—and lost the money.[73] After making low-ball bids for the New York Mets and the Cleveland Indians baseball teams, in 1983 for about $6 million, he purchased the New Jersey Generals, a team in the United States Football League.[74] The league folded after the 1985 season, largely due to his attempt to move to a fall schedule (when it would he competed with the National Football League for audience) and his attempt to force a merger with the NFL by bringing an antitrust suit.[75] Trump and his Plaza Hotel hosted several boxing matches at the Atlantic City Convention Hall.[58][76] In 1989 and 1990, he lent his name to the Tour de Trump cycling stage race, an attempt to create an American equivalent of European races such as the Tour de France or the Giro d'Italia.[77]
From 1986 to 1988, he purchased significant blocks of shares in various public companies while suggesting that he intended to take over the company and then sold his shares for a profit,[78] leading some observers to think he was engaged in greenmail.[79] The New York Times found that he initially made millions of dollars in such stock transactions, but "lost most, if not all, of those gains after investors stopped taking his takeover talk seriously".[78]
Trump's star on the Hollywood Walk of FameIn 1988, Trump purchased the Eastern Air Lines Shuttle, financing the purchase with $380 million (equivalent to $1.01 billion in 2024[32]) in loans from a syndicate of 22 banks. He renamed the airline Trump Shuttle and operated it until 1992.[80] He defaulted on his loans in 1991, and ownership passed to the banks.[81] In 1996, he purchased the Miss Universe pageants, including Miss USA and Miss Teen USA.[82] Due to disagreements with CBS about scheduling, he took both pageants to NBC in 2002.[83][84] In 2007, he received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his work as producer of Miss Universe.[85] NBC and Univision dropped the pageants in June 2015 in reaction to his comments about Mexican immigrants.[86]
In 2005, Trump cofounded Trump University, a company that sold real estate seminars for up to $35,000. After New York State authorities notified the company that its use of "university" violated state law because it was not an academic institution, its name was changed to the Trump Entrepreneur Initiative in 2010.[87] In 2013, the State of New York filed a $40 million civil suit against Trump University, alleging that the company made false statements and defrauded consumers. Additionally, two class actions were filed in federal court against Trump and his companies. Internal documents revealed that employees were instructed to use a hard-sell approach, and former employees testified that Trump University had defrauded or lied to its students.[88] Shortly after he won the 2016 presidential election, he agreed to pay a total of $25 million to settle the three cases.[89]
Foundation Main article: Donald J. Trump FoundationThe Donald J. Trump Foundation was a private foundation established in 1988.[90] From 1987 to 2006, Trump ge his foundation $5.4 million, which had been spent by the end of 2006. After donating a total of $65,000 in 2007–2008, he stopped donating any personal funds to the charity,[91] which received millions from other donors, including $5 million from Vince McMahon.[92] The foundation ge to health- and sports-related charities, conservative groups,[93] and charities that held events at Trump properties.[91] In 2016, The Washington Post reported that the charity had committed several potential legal and ethical violations, including self-dealing and tax evasion.[94] Also in 2016, the New York attorney general stated the foundation had violated state law by soliciting donations without submitting to required annual external audits and ordered it to cease its fundraising activities in New York immediately.[95] Trump's team announced in December 2016 that the foundation would be dissolved.[96] In June 2018, the New York attorney general's office filed a civil suit against the foundation, Trump, and his adult children, seeking $2.8 million in restitution and additional penalties.[97] In December 2018, the foundation ceased operation and disbursed its assets to other charities.[98] In November 2019, a New York state judge ordered Trump to pay $2 million to a group of charities for misusing the foundation's funds, in part to finance his presidential campaign.[99]
Legal affairs and bankruptcies Main article: Personal and business legal affairs of Donald TrumpAccording to a review of state and federal court files conducted by USA Today in 2018, Trump and his businesses had been involved in more than 4,000 state and federal legal actions.[39] While he has not filed for personal bankruptcy, his over-leveraged hotel and casino businesses in Atlantic City and New York filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection six times between 1991 and 2009.[42] They continued to operate while the banks restructured debt and reduced his shares in the properties.[42] During the 1980s, more than 70 banks had lent Trump $4 billion.[100] After his corporate bankruptcies of the early 1990s, most major banks, with the exception of Deutsche Bank, declined to lend to him.[101] After the January 6 Capitol attack, the bank decided not to do business with him or his affiliated company in the future.[102]
Wealth Main article: Wealth of Donald Trump Trump (rightmost) and his wife Ivana at a 1985 state dinner for King Fahd of Saudi Arabia with President Ronald Reagan and First Lady Nancy ReaganTrump has said he began his career with "a small loan of a million dollars" from his father and that he had to pay it back with interest.[103] He borrowed at least $60 million from his father, largely did not repay the loans, and received another $413 million (2018 equivalent, adjusted for inflation) from his father's company.[104][43] Posing as a Trump Organization official named "John Barron", Trump called journalist Jonathan Greenberg in 1984, trying to get a higher ranking on the Forbes 400 list of wealthy Americans.[105] Trump self-reported his net worth over a wide range: from minus $900 million in 1990[106] to $10 billion in 2015.[107] In 2015, Forbes estimated his net worth at $4.5 billion, based on interviews with more than 80 sources.[108] In 2025, the magazine estimated his net worth at $5.1 billion and ranked him the 700th wealthiest person in the world.[109]
Media career Main article: Media career of Donald Trump See also: Bibliography of Donald Trump, The Apprentice (American TV series), and The Celebrity ApprenticeTrump has published 19 books under his name, most written or cowritten by ghostwriters.[110] His first book, The Art of the Deal (1987), was a New York Times Best Seller, and was credited by The New Yorker with making Trump famous as an "emblem of the successful tycoon".[111] The book was ghostwritten by Tony Schwartz, who is credited as a coauthor. Trump had cameos in many films and television shows from 1985 to 2001.[112] Trump acquired his style of politics from professional wrestling—with its staged fights and name-calling.[113] He sporadically appeared for the professional wrestling company WWE from the late 1980s including WrestleMania 23 in 2007.[114][115] Starting in the 1990s, Trump appeared 24 times as a guest on the nationally syndicated Howard Stern Show.[116] He had his own short-form talk radio program, Trumped!, from 2004 to 2008.[117] From 2011 until 2015, he was a guest commentator on Fox & Friends.[118] In 2021, Trump, who had been a member since 1989, resigned from SAG-AFTRA to oid a disciplinary hearing regarding the January 6 attack.[119] Two days later, the union permanently barred him.[120]
Producer Mark Burnett made Trump a television star[121] when he created The Apprentice, which Trump hosted from 2004 to 2015 (including variant The Celebrity Apprentice). On the shows, he was a superrich chief executive who eliminated contestants with the catchphrase "you're fired". The New York Times called his portrayal "a highly flattering, highly fictionalized version" of himself.[122] The shows remade Trump's image for millions of viewers nationwide.[122][123] With the related licensing agreements, they earned him more than $400 million.[124]
Political career Further information: Political career of Donald Trump Early political aspirationsTrump registered as a Republican in Queens in 1969 and in Manhattan in 1987;[16][125] a member of the Independence Party, the New York state affiliate of the Reform Party, in 1999; a Democrat in 2001; a Republican in 2009; unaffiliated in 2011; and a Republican in 2012.[126]
Speaking at CPAC, February 2011In 1987, Trump placed full-page advertisements in major newspapers[127] expressing his views on foreign policy and how to eliminate the federal budget deficit.[128] In 1988, he approached Lee Atwater, asking to be put into consideration to be Republican nominee George H. W. Bush's running mate. Bush found the request "strange and unbelievable".[129][130] Trump was a candidate in the 2000 Reform Party presidential primaries for three months before he withdrew in February 2000.[131][132][133] In 2011, Trump considered challenging President Barack Obama in the 2012 election. He spoke at the Conservative Political Action Conference in February and ge speeches in states with early primaries.[134][135] In May 2011, he announced that he would not run.[134]
2016 presidential election Main article: 2016 United States presidential election Further information: Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign, 2016 Republican Party presidential primaries, and First presidential transition of Donald TrumpTrump announced his candidacy for the 2016 election in June 2015.[136][137] He campaigned as a rich, successful businessman and an outsider without political experience,[138][139][140] and claimed media bias against him.[141][142] His campaign statements were often opaque and suggestive,[143] a record number of which were false.[144][145][146] He became the Republican front-runner in March 2016[147] and was declared the presumptive Republican nominee in May.[148]
Campaigning in Arizona, March 2016Trump described NATO as "obsolete"[149][150] and espoused views described by The Washington Post as noninterventionist and protectionist.[151] His campaign platform emphasized renegotiating U.S.–China relations and free trade agreements such as NAFTA and strongly enforcing immigration laws. Other campaign positions included pursuing energy independence while opposing climate change regulations, modernizing services for veterans, repealing and replacing the Affordable Care Act, abolishing Common Core education standards, investing in infrastructure, simplifying the tax code while reducing taxes, and imposing tariffs on imports by companies that offshore jobs. He advocated increasing military spending and extreme vetting or banning of immigrants from Muslim-majority countries.[152] He promised to build a wall on the Mexico–U.S. border and vowed that Mexico would pay for it.[153] He pledged to deport millions of illegal immigrants residing in the U.S.,[154] and criticized birthright citizenship for incentivizing "anchor babies".[155] According to an analysis in Political Science Quarterly, Trump made "explicitly racist and sexist appeals to win over white voters" during his 2016 presidential campaign.[156] In particular, his campaign launch speech drew criticism for claiming Mexican immigrants were "bringing drugs, they're bringing crime, they're rapists";[157] in response, NBC fired him from Celebrity Apprentice.[158]
Trump's FEC-required reports listed assets above $1.4 billion and outstanding debts of at least $265 million.[159][160] He did not disclose his tax returns, breaking the tradition followed by every major candidate since 1976 and going against his promises made in 2014 and 2015 to release them if he decided to run for office.[161][162]He said his tax returns were being audited, and that his lawyers had advised him against releasing them.[163] After a lengthy court battle to block release of his tax returns and other records to the Manhattan district attorney for a criminal investigation, including two appeals by Trump to the U.S. Supreme Court, in February 2021 the high court allowed the records to be released to the prosecutor for review by a grand jury.[164][165] In October 2016, portions of Trump's state filings for 1995 were leaked to a reporter from The New York Times. They show that he had declared a loss of $916 million that year, which could he let him oid taxes for up to 18 years.[166]
Trump won the election with 306 pledged electoral votes versus 232 for Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton. After elector defections on both sides, the official count was 304 to 227.[167] The fifth person to be elected president despite losing the popular vote,[c] he received nearly 2.9 million fewer votes than Clinton, 46.3% to her 48.25%.[168] He was the only president who neither served in the military nor held any government office prior to becoming president.[169] His election marked the return of a Republican undivided government.[d][170] Trump's victory sparked protests in major U.S. cities.[171][172]
First presidency (2017–2021) Main article: First presidency of Donald Trump For a chronological guide, see Timeline of the Donald Trump presidencies § First presidency (2017–2021). Taking the oath of office, administered by Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr., on January 20, 2017Trump was inaugurated on January 20, 2017. The day after his inauguration, an estimated 2.6 million people worldwide, including 500,000 in Washington, D.C., protested against him in the Women's Marches.[173] During his first week in office, Trump signed six executive orders, including authorizing procedures for repealing the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare"), withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership negotiations, advancement of the Keystone XL and Dakota Access Pipeline projects, and planning for a wall along the U.S. border with Mexico.[174]
Conflicts of interest See also: First presidency of Donald Trump § EthicsTrump continued to profit from his businesses during his first presidency and knew how his administration's policies affected them.[175][176] Although he said he would eschew "new foreign deals", the Trump Organization pursued operational expansions in Scotland, Dubai, and the Dominican Republic.[175][176] Lobbyists, foreign government officials, and Trump donors and allies generated hundreds of millions of dollars for his resorts and hotels.[177]
Domestic policy Main articles: Domestic policy of the first Trump administration, Economic policy of the first Trump administration, Environmental policy of the first Trump administration, and Social policy of the first Trump administrationTrump took office at the height of the longest economic expansion in American history,[178] which began in 2009 and continued until February 2020, when the COVID-19 recession began.[179] In December 2017, he signed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 which reduced tax rates for businesses and individuals and eliminated the penalty associated with the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate.[180][181] Under Trump, the federal budget deficit increased by almost 50 percent, to nearly $1 trillion in 2019.[182] By the end of his term, the U.S. national debt increased by 39 percent, reaching $27.75 trillion, and the U.S. debt-to-GDP ratio hit a post-World War II high.[183]
He rejects the scientific consensus on climate change.[184] He reduced the budget for renewable energy research by 40 percent and reversed Obama-era policies directed at curbing climate change.[185] He withdrew from the Paris Agreement, making the U.S. the only nation to not ratify it.[186] He aimed to boost the production and exports of fossil fuels.[187][188] Natural gas expanded under Trump, but coal continued to decline.[189][190] He rolled back more than 100 federal environmental regulations, including those that curbed greenhouse gas emissions, air and water pollution, and the use of toxic substances. He weakened protections for animals and environmental standards for federal infrastructure projects, and expanded permitted areas for drilling and resource extraction, such as allowing drilling in the Arctic Refuge.[191]
Trump dismantled federal regulations on health,[192][193] labor,[193] the environment,[194][193] and other areas, including a bill that revoked the Obama-era regulation restricting the sale of firearms to severely mentally ill people.[195] During his first six weeks in office, he delayed, suspended, or reversed ninety federal regulations,[196] often "after requests by the regulated industries".[197]
Trump vowed to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act.[198] He scaled back the act's implementation through executive orders.[199][200] He expressed a desire to "let Obamacare fail"; his administration halved the enrollment period and drastically reduced funding for enrollment promotion.[201][202]
In response to the opioid epidemic, Trump signed legislation in 2018 to increase funding for drug treatments, but was widely criticized for failing to make a concrete strategy.[203] He barred organizations that provide abortions or abortion referrals from receiving federal funds.[204] His administration rolled back key components of the Obama administration's workplace protections against discrimination of LGBTQ people.[205] His attempted rollback of anti-discrimination protections for transgender patients in August 2020 was halted by a federal judge after a Supreme Court ruling extended employees' civil rights protections to gender identity and sexual orientation.[206] His administration took an anti-marijuana position, revoking Obama-era policies that provided protections for states that legalized marijuana.[207] He is a long-time advocate of capital punishment,[208][209] and his administration oversaw the federal government execute 13 prisoners, more than in the previous 56 years combined, ending a 17-year moratorium.[210]
Pardons and commutations Further information: List of people granted executive clemency in the first Trump presidencyDuring his first term, Trump granted 237 requests for clemency, fewer than all presidents since 1900 with the exception of George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush.[211] Only 25 of them had been vetted by the Justice Department's Office of the Pardon Attorney; the others were granted to people with personal or political connections to him, his family, and his allies, or recommended by celebrities.[212][213] In his last full day in office, he granted 73 pardons and commuted 70 sentences.[214] The pardons of three military service members convicted of or charged with violent crimes were opposed by military leaders.[215]
Immigration Main article: Immigration policy of the first Trump administration Further information: Mexico–United States border crisis § First Trump administration (2017–2021)As president, Trump described illegal immigration as an "invasion" of the United States[216] and drastically escalated immigration enforcement.[217][218] He implemented harsh policies against asylum seekers[218] and deployed nearly 6,000 troops to the U.S.–Mexico border to stop illegal crossings.[219] He reduced the number of refugees admitted to record lows, from an annual limit of 110,000 before he took office to 15,000 in 2021.[220][221][222] Trump also increased restrictions on granting permanent residency to immigrants needing public benefits.[223] One of his central campaign promises was to build a wall along the U.S.–Mexico border;[224] during his first term, the U.S. built 73 miles (117 km) of wall in areas without barriers and 365 miles (587 km) to replace older barriers.[225] In 2018, Trump's refusal to sign any spending bill unless it allocated funding for the border wall[226] resulted in the longest-ever federal government shutdown, for 35 days from December 2018 to January 2019.[227][228] The shutdown ended after he agreed to fund the government without any funds for the wall.[227] To oid another shutdown, Congress passed a funding bill with $1.4 billion for border fencing in February.[229] Trump later declared a national emergency on the southern border to divert $6.1 billion of funding to the border wall[229] despite congressional disagreement.[230]
In January 2017, Trump signed an executive order that denied entry to citizens from six Muslim-majority countries for four months and from Syria indefinitely.[231][232] The order caused many protests and legal challenges that resulted in nationwide injunctions.[231][232][233] A revised order giving some exceptions was also blocked by courts,[234][235] but the Supreme Court ruled in June that the ban could be enforced on those lacking "a bona fide relationship with a person or entity" in the U.S.[236] Trump replaced the ban in September with a presidential proclamation extending trel bans to North Koreans, Chadians, and some Venezuelan officials, but excluded Iraq and Sudan.[237] The Supreme Court allowed that version to go into effect in December 2017,[238] and ultimately upheld the ban in 2019.[239]
Children, sleeping mats, and foil blankets in wire mesh compartment, Ursula detention facility, June 2018From 2017 to 2018, the Trump administration had a policy of family separation that separated over 4,400 children, some as young as four months old,[240] from migrant parents at the U.S.–Mexico border.[241][242] The unprecedented[243] policy sparked public outrage in the country.[244] Despite Trump initially blaming Democrats[245][246] and insisting he could not stop the policy with an executive order, he acceded to public pressure in June 2018 and mandated that illegal immigrant families be detained together unless "there is a concern" of risk for the child.[247][248] A judge later ordered that the families be reunited and further separations stopped except in limited circumstances,[249][250] though over 1,000 additional children were separated from their families after the order.[242] By April 2024, 1,360 children had not been confirmed as reunified with their families.[240]
Foreign policy Main articles: Foreign policy of the first Trump administration and Tariffs in the first Trump administration Further information: Russia–United States relations § First Trump administration (2017–2021), China–United States relations § First Trump administration (2017–2021), 2017–2018 North Korea crisis, and 2018–19 Korean peace process G7 leaders at the 45th summit in France, 2019Trump described himself as a "nationalist"[251] and his foreign policy as "America First".[252] He supported populist, neo-nationalist, and authoritarian governments.[253] Unpredictability, uncertainty, and inconsistency characterized foreign relations during his tenure.[252][254] Relations between the U.S. and its European allies were strained under Trump.[255] He criticized NATO allies and privately suggested that the U.S. should withdraw from NATO.[256][257]
Trump supported many of the policies of Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu.[258] In 2020, Trump hosted the signing of the Abraham Accords between Israel and the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain to normalize their foreign relations.[259]
Shaking hands with Russian president Vladimir Putin during the 2018 summit in Helsinki, FinlandTrump began a trade war with China in 2018 after imposing tariffs and other trade barriers he said would force China to end longstanding unfair trade practice and intellectual property infringement.[260] Trump weakened the toughest U.S. sanctions imposed after the 2014 Russian annexation of Crimea.[261][262] Trump praised and, according to some critics, rarely criticized Russian president Vladimir Putin,[263][264] though he opposed some actions of Russia's government.[265] He withdrew the U.S. from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, citing alleged Russian noncompliance,[266] and supported Russia's possible return to the G7.[267]
As North Korea's nuclear weapons were increasingly seen as a serious threat,[268] Trump became the first sitting U.S. president to meet a North Korean leader, meeting Kim Jong Un three times between June 2018 and June 2019.[269] Talks in North Korean denuclearization broke down in October 2019, and no agreement was reached.[270][271]
Personnel Main articles: Political appointments of the first Trump administration and First cabinet of Donald Trump Further information: Government hiring and personnel of Donald TrumpBy the end of Trump's first year in office, 34 percent of his original staff had resigned, been fired, or been reassigned.[272] By July 2018, 61 percent of his senior aides had left[273] and 141 staffers had left in the previous year.[274] Both figures set a record for recent presidents.[275] Close personal aides to Trump quit or were forced out.[276] He publicly disparaged several of his former top officials.[277]
Trump had four White House chiefs of staff, marginalizing or pushing out several.[278] In May 2017, he dismissed Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) director James Comey, saying a few days later that he was concerned about Comey's role in the Trump–Russia investigations.[279][280] Three of Trump's 15 original cabinet members left or were forced to resign within his first year.[281][276] Trump was slow to appoint second-tier officials in the executive branch, saying many of the positions are unnecessary. In October 2017, there were hundreds of sub-cabinet positions without a nominee.[282] By January 8, 2019, of 706 key positions, 433 had been filled and he had no nominee for 264.[283]
Judiciary Further information: List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump and Donald Trump judicial appointment controversiesTrump appointed 226 federal judges, including 54 to the courts of appeals and three to the Supreme Court: Neil Gorsuch, Brett Kanaugh, and Amy Coney Barrett.[284][better source needed] which politically shifted the Court to the right.[285][286][287] In the 2016 campaign, he pledged that Roe v. Wade would be overturned "automatically" if he were elected and given the opportunity to appoint two or three anti-abortion justices. He later took credit when Roe was overturned by Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization in 2022; all three of his Supreme Court nominees voted with the majority.[288][289] Trump disparaged courts and judges he disagreed with, often in personal terms, and questioned the judiciary's constitutional authority. His attacks on courts drew rebukes from observers, including sitting federal judges, concerned about the effect of his statements on the judicial independence and public confidence in the judiciary.[290][291]
COVID-19 pandemic Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in the United States Further information: U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic and Communication of the Trump administration during the COVID-19 pandemic See also: Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States Conducting a COVID-19 press briefing with members of the White House Coronirus Task Force on March 15, 2020Trump initially ignored public health warnings and calls for action from health officials within his administration.[292] Trump established the White House Coronirus Task Force on January 29.[293] On March 27, he signed into law the CARES Act—a $2.2 trillion bipartisan economic stimulus bill—the largest stimulus in U.S. history.[294][295] After weeks of attacks to draw attention away from his slow response, Trump halted funding of the World Health Organization in April.[296] He encouraged right-wing protests against social-distancing policies in states with stay-at-home orders[297] and repeatedly pressured federal health agencies to take actions he fored,[298] such as approving unproven treatments.[299][300]
In October, Trump was hospitalized for three days with a severe case of COVID-19 while his medical team downplayed the severity of his condition.[301]
Investigations Further information: Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections, Mueller special counsel investigation, and Mueller reportAfter he assumed office, Trump was the subject of increasing Justice Department and congressional scrutiny, with investigations covering his election campaign, transition, and inauguration, actions taken during his presidency, his private businesses, personal taxes, and his charitable foundation.[302] There were ten federal criminal investigations, eight state and local investigations, and twelve congressional investigations.[303]
In July 2016, the FBI launched Crossfire Hurricane, an investigation into possible links between Russia and Trump's 2016 campaign.[304] After Trump fired Comey in May 2017, the FBI opened a second investigation into Trump's personal and business dealings with Russia.[305] In January 2017, three U.S. intelligence agencies jointly stated with "high confidence" that Russia interfered in the 2016 presidential election to for Trump.[306][307] Crossfire Hurricane was later transferred to Robert Mueller's special counsel investigation;[308] the investigation into Trump's ties to Russia was ended by Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein after he told the FBI that Mueller would pursue the matter.[309][310] At the request of Rosenstein, the Mueller investigation examined criminal matters "in connection with Russia's 2016 election interference".[309] Mueller's final report in March 2019[311] found that Russia interfered in 2016 to for Trump[312] and that Trump and his campaign welcomed and encouraged the effort,[313][314][315] but that the evidence "did not establish" that Trump campaign members conspired or coordinated with Russia.[316][317] Trump claimed the report exonerated him despite Mueller writing that it did not.[318] The report also detailed potential obstruction of justice by Trump but "did not draw ultimate conclusions"[319][320] and left the decision to charge the laws to Congress.[321]
Impeachments Main articles: First impeachment of Donald Trump and Second impeachment of Donald Trump Displaying the headline "Trump acquitted" in 2020Trump was impeached twice by the House of Representatives, though acquitted by the Senate on both occasions. The first impeachment arose from a whistleblower complaint that in July 2019 Trump had pressured Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy to investigate Joe and Hunter Biden,[322] in an attempt to gain an advantage in the 2020 presidential election.[323] In December 2019, the House voted to impeach Trump for abuse of power and obstruction of Congress,[324] and the Senate acquitted him in February 2020.[325]
The second impeachment came after the January 6 Capitol attack, for which the House charged Trump with incitement of insurrection on January 13, 2021.[326] Trump left office on January 20, and was acquitted on February 13. Seven Republican senators voted for conviction.[327]
2020 presidential election and attempted rejection of outcome Further information: 2020 United States presidential election, Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign, and Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential electionTrump filed to run for reelection only a few hours after becoming president in 2017.[328] He held his first reelection rally less than a month after taking office[329] and officially became the Republican nominee in August 2020.[330] Trump's campaign focused on crime, claiming that cities would descend into lawlessness if Democratic nominee Joe Biden won.[331] Starting in early 2020, Trump sowed doubts about the election, claiming without evidence that it would be rigged and that widespread use of mail balloting would produce massive election fraud.[332][333] He repeatedly refused to say whether he would accept the results if he lost and commit to a peaceful transition of power.[334][335]
Joe Biden won the November 2020 election, receiving 81.3 million votes (51.3 percent) to Trump's 74.2 million (46.8 percent)[336][337] and 306 electoral votes to Trump's 232,[338] with the Electoral College formalizing Biden's victory on December 14.[338] Trump declared victory before the results were known on the morning after the election.[339] Days later, when Biden was projected the winner, Trump baselessly alleged election fraud.[340] As part of an effort to overturn the results, Trump and his allies filed many lawsuits challenging the results, which were rejected by at least 86 judges in both state and federal courts for hing no factual or legal basis.[341][342]
Trump's allegations were also refuted by state election officials,[343] and the Supreme Court declined to hear a case asking it to overturn the results in four states won by Biden.[344] Trump repeatedly sought help to overturn the results, personally pressuring Republican local and state office-holders,[345] Republican legislators,[346] the Justice Department,[347] and Vice President Pence,[348] urging actions such as replacing presidential electors,[346] or that Georgia officials "find" votes and announce a "recalculated" result.[345] Trump did not attend Biden's inauguration on January 20.[349]
A crowd of Trump supporters during the attackOn January 6, 2021, while Congress was certifying the presidential election results, Trump held a rally at which he called for the election to be overturned and urged his supporters to "fight like hell" and "take back our country" by marching to the Capitol.[350] His supporters then formed a mob that broke into the building, disrupting certification and causing the evacuation of Congress.[351] More than 140 police officers were injured, and five people died during or after the attack.[352][353] The event has been described as an attempted self-coup by Trump.[354][355][356] Congress later reconvened and confirmed Biden's victory in the early hours of January 7.[357]
Between presidencies (2021–2025)Upon leing the White House, Trump began living at Mar-a-Lago, establishing an office there as provided for by the Former Presidents Act.[358] His continuing false claims concerning the 2020 election were commonly referred to as the "big lie" by his critics, although in May 2021, he and many of his supporters began using the term to refer to the election itself.[359][360] The Republican Party used his false claims about the election to justify imposing new voting restrictions in its for.[361][362][363] He continued to pressure state legislators to overturn the election.[364] Unlike other former presidents, Trump continued to dominate his party; a 2022 profile in The New York Times described him as a modern party boss.[365] He continued fundraising, raising a war chest containing more than twice that of the Republican Party, and profited from fundraisers many Republican candidates held at Mar-a-Lago. Much of his focus was on party governance and installing in key posts officials loyal to him.[365] In the 2022 midterm elections, Trump endorsed over 200 candidates for various offices.[366] In February 2022, his Trump Media & Technology Group (TMTG) launched a pro-Trump social media platform called Truth Social.[367] In March 2024, TMTG became a public company.[368]
Legal issues See also: Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump and Legal affairs of the first Trump presidencyIn 2019, journalist E. Jean Carroll accused Trump of raping her in the 1990s and sued him for defamation over his denial.[369] Carroll sued him again in 2022 for battery and further defamation.[370] He was found liable for sexual abuse and defamation and ordered to pay $5 million in one case[371] and $83.3 million in the other.[372] Federal appeals courts upheld both findings and awards in December 2024 and September 2025, respectively.[373][372]
In 2022, New York filed a civil lawsuit against Trump accusing him of inflating the Trump Organization's value to gain an advantage with lenders and banks.[374][375] He was found liable and ordered to pay nearly $355 million plus interest.[375] In August 2025, the appeals court upheld his liability and nonmonetary penalties, but voided the monetary penalty as excessive.[376]
In connection with Trump's efforts to overturn the 2020 election and his involvement in the January 6 attack, in December 2022 the U.S. House committee on the attack recommended criminal charges against him for obstructing an official proceeding, conspiracy to defraud the United States, and inciting or assisting an insurrection.[377] In August 2023, a grand jury in Fulton County, Georgia, indicted him on 13 charges, including racketeering, for his efforts to subvert the 2020 election in the state.[378][379] The case was dismissed in November 2025 after the new prosecutor declined to pursue the charges.[380]
Classified intelligence material found during search of Mar-a-LagoIn January 2022, the National Archives and Records Administration retrieved 15 boxes of documents Trump had taken to Mar-a-Lago after leing the White House, some of which were classified.[381] In the ensuing Justice Department investigation, officials retrieved more classified documents from his lawyers.[381] On August 8, 2022, FBI agents searched Mar-a-Lago for illegally held documents, including those in breach of the Espionage Act, collecting 11 sets of classified documents, some marked top secret.[382][383] A federal grand jury constituted by Special Counsel Jack Smith indicted Trump in June 2023 on 31 counts of "willfully retaining national defense information" under the Espionage Act, among other charges.[381][384][385] Trump pleaded not guilty.[386] In July 2024, judge Aileen Cannon dismissed the case, ruling Smith's appointment as special prosecutor was unconstitutional.[387] After his reelection, the 2020 election obstruction case and the classified documents case were dismissed without prejudice due to Justice Department policy against prosecuting sitting presidents.[388]
In May 2024, Trump was convicted on 34 felony counts of falsifying business records.[389] The case stemmed from evidence that he booked Michael Cohen's hush-money payments to adult film actress Stormy Daniels as business expenses to cover up his alleged 2006–2007 affair with Daniels during the 2016 election.[389][390] On January 10, 2025, the judge ge Trump a no-penalty sentence known as an unconditional discharge, saying that punitive requirements would he interfered with presidential immunity.[391]
2024 presidential election Main article: 2024 United States presidential election Further information: Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign, 2024 Republican Party presidential primaries, and Second presidential transition of Donald TrumpIn November 2022, Trump announced his candidacy for the 2024 presidential election and created a fundraising account.[392][393] In March 2023, the campaign began diverting ten percent of the donations to his leadership PAC. His campaign had paid $100 million towards his legal bills by March 2024.[394][395]
During the campaign, Trump made increasingly violent and authoritarian statements.[396] He said that he would weaponize the FBI and the Justice Department against his political opponents[397][398] and use the military to target Democratic politicians and those not supporting his candidacy.[399][400] He used harsher and more dehumanizing anti-immigrant rhetoric than during his presidency.[401] His rhetoric, calling his political opponents "the enemy", vermin, and fascists, has been described by some historians and scholars as authoritarian, fascist,[402] and unlike anything a political candidate has ever said in American history.[403][400][404] Age and health concerns also arose during the campaign, with several medical experts highlighting an increase in rambling, tangential speech and behioral disinhibition.[405]
Trump mentioned "rigged election" and "election interference" earlier and more frequently than in the 2016 and 2020 campaigns and refused to commit to accepting the 2024 election results.[406][407] Analysts for The New York Times described this as an intensification of his "heads I win; tails you cheated" rhetorical strategy; the newspaper stated that the claim of a rigged election had become the backbone of the campaign.[407]
On July 13, 2024, Trump was shot in the ear in an assassination attempt at a campaign rally in Butler Township, Pennsylvania.[408][409][410] Two days later, the 2024 Republican National Convention nominated him as their presidential candidate.[411] In September he was targeted but unharmed in another assassination attempt in Florida.[412] Trump won the election in November 2024 with 312 electoral votes to incumbent vice president Kamala Harris's 226.[413] He also won the popular vote with 49.8% to Harris's 48.3%.[414] His victory in 2024 was in large part due to the 2021–2023 inflation surge.[415][416] Several outlets described his reelection as an extraordinary comeback.[417][418]
Second presidency (2025–present) Main article: Second presidency of Donald Trump For a chronological guide, see Timeline of the Donald Trump presidencies § Second presidency (2025–present). Taking the oath of office, administered by Chief Justice John Roberts, January 20, 2025Trump began his second term upon his inauguration on January 20, 2025.[419] He became the oldest to assume the presidency,[420] the first president with a felony conviction, and the second person to serve two nonconsecutive terms as president.[421] His attempts to expand presidential power and conflict with the courts he been described as a defining characteristic of his second term.[422]
Early actions See also: First 100 days of the second Trump presidencyMore than a month before the 100-day mark of Trump's second term, he had issued more executive orders than any other U.S. president's first 100 days.[423] His orders and actions were challenged by over 300 lawsuits nationwide. By mid-November, 149 had been blocked or partially blocked, 102 left in effect, and 107 were pending.[424]
Following legal setbacks, Trump increased his criticism of the judiciary and called for impeachment of federal judges who ruled against him.[425] By mid-July, a Washington Post analysis found he defied judges and the courts in roughly one third of all cases against him, actions which were described by legal experts as unprecedented for any presidential administration.[426]
Multiple analyses conducted by academic scholars and The New York Times found that both Republican and Democratic judicial appointees he found numerous constitutional and statutory flaws with Trump administration policies.[427] His administration asserted a constitutional right to ignore federal law in its justification of several actions such as in his refusal to enforce a federal ban on TikTok, with legal experts describing it as claiming a "constitutional power to immunize private parties to commit otherwise illegal acts with impunity".[428][429][430]
Conflicts of interest Further information: Second presidency of Donald Trump § Ethics, and Cryptocurrency in the second Trump presidencyTrump's second presidency was described as hing fewer guardrails against conflicts of interest than his first,[431] and breaking with decades of ethical norms.[432] He maintained a publicly traded company in Trump Media & Technology Group, and diversified it into financial services.[433] He pursued new overseas real estate deals involving state-affiliated entities, and had several branding and licensing deals selling Trump-branded merchandise.[431] He profited from events held at his hotels and golf courses and did not place his assets in a blind trust, as previous presidents had done.[434]
Trump launched, promoted, and personally benefited from two cryptocurrency tokens ("meme coins"), $Trump and $Melania.[435][436] He also directly benefited from his family's cryptocurrency company World Liberty Financial, which engaged in an unprecedented mixing of private enterprise and government policy.[437]
Mass terminations of federal employees Main article: 2025 United States federal mass layoffsTrump implemented a hiring freeze across the federal government and ordered telework of federal employees to be discontinued within 30 days.[438][439] He ordered a review of many career civil service positions with the intention of reclassifying them into at-will positions without job protections.[439][440][441] He initiated mass job terminations of federal employees,[442] which were described by legal experts as unprecedented or in violation of federal law,[443] with the intent of replacing them with workers more aligned with his agenda.[444] By late February, the administration had fired more than 30,000 people.[445] He ordered an end to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) projects in the federal government and rescinded Lyndon B. Johnson's 1965 Executive Order 11246, which had mandated that federal contractors take affirmative action to end racial discrimination.[446][447]
Trump and Elon Musk's Department of Government Efficiency largely dismantled several federal agencies including USAID and the Department of Education, unilaterally fired several thousand staff, and reduced administrative functions to statutory minimums.[448][449][450]
Targeting political opponents Main article: Targeting of political opponents and civil society under the second Trump administrationDuring his second presidency, the Trump administration took a series of actions using the government to target political opponents and civil society. He threatened, signed executive actions, and ordered investigations into his political opponents, critics, and organizations aligned with the Democratic Party.[451] He ended the post-Watergate norm of Justice Department independence, weaponizing it and agencies across the federal government to target his political enemies.[452][453] Trump's actions against civil society were described by hundreds of legal experts and political scientists as authoritarian, contributing to democratic backsliding, and negatively impacting the rule of law.[454][455][456]
Pardons and commutations Further information: List of people granted executive clemency in the second Trump presidencyTrump's pardons and grants of clemency fored political allies and loyalists,[457][458] and disproportionately pardoned "the powerful, famous, well-connected and wealthy" accused of white-collar crime.[458] Trump granted clemency to all January 6 rioters convicted or charged on his first day in office, including those who violently attacked police, by pardoning more than 1,500 and commuting the sentences of 14.[459][460]
Domestic policy Main articles: Domestic policy of the second Trump administration, Economic policy of the second Trump administration, Education policy of the second Trump administration, Science policy of the second Trump administration, and Persecution of transgender people under the second Trump administrationHe ordered agencies to stop enforcement of disfored rules in an attempt at large-scale deregulation that legal experts described as illegal and contrary to decades of federal law.[461][462] He sought greater government control over private businesses and shifted away from traditional conservative free market orthodoxy,[463] engaging in state capitalism by taking direct government equity stakes in multiple U.S. corporations.[464][465][466]
Trump canceled and paused federal grants and made large cuts to scientific research,[467] several of which were found by judges and the Government Accountability Office as being illegal and unconstitutional.[468][469] Trump and his administration's Make America Healthy Again agenda promoted anti-science and anti-vaccine activism, resulting in a resurgence of whooping cough and measles.[470][471]
Trump relied on declaring national emergencies to justify hundreds of actions and bypass congressional approval or regulatory review.[472] For instance, he declared a national energy emergency, allowing the suspension of environmental regulations, loosening the rules for fossil fuel extraction and limiting renewable energy projects.[473][474] Trump withdrew the U.S. from the Paris Agreement on climate change during his first presidency, Biden reentered the agreement in 2021, and Trump again withdrew from the agreement during his second presidency.[475]
Trump attributed societal problems to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives and wokeness.[476] Equating diversity with incompetence,[476] he reversed pro-diversity policies in the federal government.[477][478] On DEI and antisemitism grounds, he threatened cultural institutions[479] and sixty universities,[480] and forced law firms to capitulate to his political agenda.[481]
Trump expanded the domestic use of the military and ordered military deployments to several Democratic Party-led cities, and threatened to expand his deployments further.[482][483] Through a series of executive orders and other actions, Trump banned trans people from the military,[484] restricted or defunded gender-affirming healthcare, opposed inclusive language,[485] censored research and education materials,[486] and targeted schools, universities, and cultural institutions accused of promoting what his government calls "gender ideology",[487] barred transgender athletes from sports, and required US passports to state transgender people's sex assigned at birth.[488]
One Big Beautiful Bill ActIn July 2025, Trump signed the One Big Beautiful Bill Act into law. The bill made the temporary tax cuts of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act permanent and added additional tax deductions for a total of around $4.5 trillion, mostly benefiting the highest income brackets and costing people in the lowest income bracket $1,600 per year. It increased funding for national defense, deportations, the border wall, and Trump's proposed Golden Dome missile defense system. It removed tax credits for renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power and for buyers of electric vehicles. The bill cut funding for Medicaid and SNAP and added additional work requirements for eligibility and a $35 co-payment for some Medicaid services; the cuts and additional requirements will take effect after the 2026 general election. The bill was projected by the Congressional Budget Office to increase the budget deficit by $3.4 trillion by 2034, cause 11.8 million people to lose Medicaid coverage, and eliminate SNAP benefits for three million people.[489][490]
Immigration Main articles: Immigration policy of the second Trump administration and Deportation in the second Trump administration Further information: Mexico–United States border crisis § Second Trump administration (2025–present), Mexico–United States border wall § Second Trump administration (2025–present), and Visa and deportation controversies in the second Trump administrationIn his first days in office, Trump instructed Border Patrol agents to summarily deport illegal immigrants crossing the border and disabled the CBP One app that was being used to schedule border crossings. He resumed the remain in Mexico policy, designated drug cartels as terrorist groups, and ordered construction to be resumed on a border wall.[491][492] Trump also revoked the parole status of immigrants who entered the U.S. under CBP One and ended humanitarian parole for Cubans, Haitians, Nicaraguans.[492] In March, he used the Alien Enemies Act of 1798 to imprison illegal immigrants without trial at the Terrorism Confinement Center in El Salvador.[493] Trump targeted activists, legal immigrants, tourists, and students with visas who expressed criticism of his policies or pro-Palestinian advocacy.[494] Several American citizens were detained and deported.[495]
Foreign policy Main article: Foreign policy of the second Trump administration Further information: Tariffs in the second Trump administration, China–United States trade war, 2025 United States trade war with Canada and Mexico, and American expansionism under Donald TrumpHis administration fored hard power to achieve its America First foreign policy goals,[496] and dismantled or withdrew support from domestic and international organizations dedicated to advancing American soft power.[497][498]
Meeting with Zelenskyy, February 2025In February 2025, Trump and Vice President Vance berated Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy in a highly contentious televised meeting. Media outlets described it as an unprecedented public confrontation between an American president and a foreign head of state.[499][500]
Trump and his incoming administration helped broker a Gaza war ceasefire alongside the Biden administration, enacted a day prior to his inauguration.[501][502][503] In March, Israel broke the ceasefire.[503] On October 9, 2025, Israel and Hamas signed an agreement to cease fire and exchange Israeli hostages for Palestinian prisoners as part of the first phase of Trump's initiative to end the Gaza war.[504]
Trump's economic policies he been described as protectionist,[505] with Trump imposing tariffs on most countries, including large tariffs on major trading partners China, Canada, and Mexico.[506] He started a global trade war, imposing tariffs at the highest level since the 1930 Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act at the onset of the Great Depression.[507][508]
Personnel Main articles: Political appointments of the second Trump administration and Second cabinet of Donald TrumpIn his second term, Trump selected cabinet members with personal loyalty to him,[509][510] with the "focus on loyalty over subject-matter expertise".[510] In February 2025, the White House stated that Elon Musk was a special government employee.[511] Trump ge Musk's Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) access to many federal government agencies.[511] Musk's teams operated in eighteen departments and agencies in the administration's first month,[512] including in the Treasury Department's $5 trillion payment system,[513] the Small Business Administration, the Office of Personnel Management, and the General Services Administration.[514]
Political practice and rhetoric Further information: Trumpism, Political positions of Donald Trump, and Rhetoric of Donald TrumpBeginning with his 2016 campaign, Trump's politics and rhetoric led to the creation of a political movement known as Trumpism.[515] His political positions are populist,[516][517] more specifically described as right-wing populist.[518][519] In 2016, he helped bring far-right fringe ideas and organizations into the mainstream.[520] Many of his actions and rhetoric he been described as authoritarian and contributing to democratic backsliding.[521] Trump pushed for an expansion of presidential power under a maximalist interpretation of the unitary executive theory.[522][523] His political base has been compared to a cult of personality.[524][525]
Trump's rhetoric and actions he been accused of creating and exacerbating anger and distrust through the use of an "us" versus "them" narrative.[526] He explicitly and routinely disparages racial, religious, and ethnic minorities,[527] and scholars consistently find that racial animus regarding blacks, immigrants, and Muslims are the best predictors of support for Trump.[528] His rhetoric has been described as using fearmongering and demagogy which intensified during his 2024 presidential campaign.[529] He has said that he believes real power comes from fear.[530] The alt-right movement coalesced around and supported his candidacy, due in part to its opposition to multiculturalism and immigration.[531][532][533] He has a strong appeal to evangelical Christian voters and Christian nationalists,[534] and his rallies take on the symbols, rhetoric, and agenda of Christian nationalism.[535] Trump has also used anti-communist sentiment in his rhetoric, regularly calling his opponents "communists" and "Marxists".[536][537]
Racial and gender views Main articles: Racial views of Donald Trump and Donald Trump sexual misconduct allegationsMany of Trump's comments and actions he been characterized as racist.[538] In a 2018 national poll, about half of respondents said he is racist; a greater proportion believed that he emboldened racists.[539] Several studies and surveys found that racist attitudes fueled his political ascent and were more important than economic factors in determining the allegiance of Trump voters.[540] Racist and Islamophobic attitudes are strong indicators of support for Trump.[541] He has been accused of racism for insisting a group of five black and Latino teenagers were guilty of raping a white woman in the 1989 Central Park jogger case, even after they were exonerated in 2002.[542]
In 2011, Trump became the leading proponent of the racist "birther" conspiracy theory that Barack Obama, the first black U.S. president, was not born in the United States.[543] He claimed credit for pressuring the government to publish Obama's birth certificate, which he considered fraudulent.[544] In September 2016, he acknowledged that Obama was born in the U.S.,[545] though he reportedly expressed birther views privately in 2017.[546] During the 2024 presidential campaign, he made false attacks against the racial identity of his opponent, Kamala Harris, that were described as reminiscent of the birther conspiracy theory.[547] His 2024 campaign made extensive use of dehumanizing language and racial stereotypes.[548]
Trump's comments on the 2017 Unite the Right rally, condemning "this egregious display of hatred, bigotry and violence on many sides" and stating that there were "very fine people on both sides", were criticized as implying a moral equivalence between the white supremacist demonstrators and the counter-protesters.[549] In a January 2018 discussion of immigration legislation, he reportedly referred to El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, and African nations as "shithole countries",[550] remarks condemned as racist.[551]
With a group of officials and advisors walking from the White House to St. John's Church, following the forced removal of protesters at Lafayette SquareIn July 2019, Trump tweeted that four minority Democratic congresswomen, three of them native-born Americans, should "go back" to the countries they "came from".[552] Two days later, the House of Representatives voted 240–187 to condemn his "racist comments".[553]
In June 2020, during the George Floyd protests, federal law-enforcement officials used tear gas and other crowd control tactics to remove a largely peaceful crowd of lawful protesters from Lafayette Square, outside the White House.[554][555] Trump then posed with a Bible for a photo op at the nearby St. John's Episcopal Church,[554][556][557] with religious leaders condemning both the treatment of protesters and the photo opportunity itself.[558]
Trump has a history of belittling women when speaking to the media and on social media.[559][560] He made lewd comments, disparaged women's physical appearances, and referred to them using derogatory epithets.[560] As of 2020, 26 women he publicly accused him of sexual misconduct, including rape, kissing without consent, groping, looking under women's skirts, and walking in on naked teenage pageant contestants. He has denied the allegations.[561] In October 2016, a 2005 "hot mic" recording surfaced in which he bragged about kissing and groping women without their consent, saying that, "when you're a star, they let you do it. You can do anything. ... Grab 'em by the pussy."[562] He characterized the comments as "locker-room talk".[563][564] The incident's widespread media exposure led to his first public apology, videotaped during his 2016 presidential campaign.[565]
Link to violence and hate crimes Further information: Rhetoric of Donald Trump § ViolenceTrump has been identified as a key figure in increasing political violence in the U.S., both for and against him.[566][567][568] He is described as embracing extremism, conspiracy theories such as QAnon, and far-right militia movements to a greater extent than any modern American president,[569][570] and engaging in stochastic terrorism.[571]
Research suggests that Trump's rhetoric is associated with an increased incidence of hate crimes,[572][573] and that he has an emboldening effect on expressing prejudicial attitudes due to his normalization of explicit racial rhetoric.[574] During his 2016 campaign, he urged or praised physical attacks against protesters or reporters.[575][576] Numerous defendants investigated or prosecuted for violent acts and hate crimes cited his rhetoric in arguing that they were not culpable or should receive leniency.[577][578] A nationwide review by ABC News in May 2020 identified at least 54 criminal cases, from August 2015 to April 2020, in which he was invoked in direct connection with violence or threats of violence mostly by white men and primarily against minorities.[579] Trump's refusal to condemn the white supremacist Proud Boys during a 2020 presidential debate[580] and his comment, "Proud Boys, stand back and stand by", were said to he led to increased recruitment for the pro-Trump group.[581] Counterterrorism researchers described his normalization and revisionist history of the January 6 Capitol attack, and grant of clemency to all January 6 rioters, as encouraging future political violence.[582][583]
Conspiracy theories Main article: List of conspiracy theories promoted by Donald TrumpSince before his first presidency, Trump has promoted numerous conspiracy theories, including Obama "birtherism", climate change denial, and alleged Ukrainian interference in U.S. elections.[584][585][586] After the 2020 presidential election, he promoted conspiracy theories for his defeat that were characterized as "the big lie".[587][588]
False or misleading statements Main article: False or misleading statements by Donald Trump Fact-checkers from The Washington Post,[589] the Toronto Star,[590] and CNN[591] compiled data on "false or misleading claims" (orange background) and "false claims" (violet foreground).Trump frequently makes false statements in public remarks,[592][144] to an extent that was unprecedented in American politics.[592][593][594] His falsehoods are a distinctive part of his political identity[593] and he been described as firehosing.[595] His false and misleading statements were documented by fact-checkers, including at The Washington Post, which tallied 30,573 false or misleading statements made by him during his first presidency,[589] increasing in frequency over time.[596]
Some of Trump's falsehoods were inconsequential,[597][598] while others had more far-reaching effects, such as his unproven promotion of antimalarial drugs as a treatment for COVID-19,[599][600] causing a U.S. shortage of these drugs and panic buying in Africa and South Asia.[601][602] Other misinformation, such as misattributing a rise in crime in England and Wales to the "spread of radical Islamic terror", served his domestic political purposes.[603] His attacks on mail-in ballots and other election practices weakened public faith in the integrity of the 2020 presidential election,[604][605] while his disinformation about the pandemic delayed and weakened the national response to it.[606][607][608] He habitually does not apologize for his falsehoods.[609] Until 2018, the media rarely referred to his falsehoods as lies, including when he repeated demonstrably false statements.[610][611][612]
Social media Main articles: Social media use by Donald Trump and Twitter use by Donald Trump See also: Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump § Lawsuits over social media banTrump's social media presence attracted worldwide attention after he joined Twitter in 2009. He posted frequently during his 2016 campaign and as president until Twitter banned him after the January 6 attack.[613] He often used Twitter to communicate directly with the public and sideline the press;[614] in 2017, his press secretary said that his tweets constituted official presidential statements.[615] During his 2024 campaign and second presidency, he frequently posted AI-generated content of himself as pop-culture icons or mocking immigrants.[616][617]
After years of criticism for allowing Trump to post misinformation and falsehoods, Twitter began to tag some of his tweets with fact-checks in May 2020.[618] In response, he said social media platforms "totally silence" conservatives and he would "strongly regulate, or close them down".[619] After the January 6 attack, he was banned from Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and other platforms.[620] The loss of his social media presence diminished his ability to shape events[621][622] and correlated with a dramatic decrease in the volume of misinformation on Twitter.[623] In February 2022, he launched social media platform Truth Social where he attracted a fraction of his Twitter following.[624] Twitter reinstated his account in November 2022.[625][626] The two-year ban at Meta Platforms lapsed in January 2023, allowing him to return to Facebook and Instagram.[627]
Relationship with the press Further information: First presidency of Donald Trump § Relationship with the news media, Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump, and Donald Trump's conflict with the media Talking to the press, June 2019Trump sought media attention throughout his career, maintaining a "love-hate" relationship with the press.[628] In the 2016 campaign, he benefited from a record amount of free media coverage,[629] estimated at $2 billion.[630] As a candidate and as president, he frequently accused the press of bias, calling it the "fake news media" and "the enemy of the people".[631]
The first Trump presidency reduced formal press briefings from about one hundred in 2017 to about half that in 2018 and to two in 2019. They also revoked the press passes of two White House reporters, which were restored by the courts.[632] His 2020 presidential campaign sued The New York Times, The Washington Post, and CNN for defamation in opinion pieces about his stance on Russian election interference. All the suits were dismissed.[633][634] By 2024, he repeatedly voiced support for outlawing political dissent and criticism,[635] and said that reporters should be prosecuted for not divulging confidential sources and media companies should possibly lose their broadcast licenses for unforable coverage of him.[636]
In his second term, Trump's actions against the media were unprecedented in modern American history,[637] and historians described them as mirroring actions by authoritarian leaders to censor political opponents and negatively impacting the freedom of speech and free press.[638][639] The campaign to police speech drew comparisons to cancel culture, government censorship, and McCarthyism.[640][641][642] Some were sued and many social media companies,[643] broadcasters, and newspapers capitulated to the Trump agenda.[644] Trump launched lawsuits and created blacklists against certain media outlets, took over the process run by the White House Correspondents' Association to choose what outlets he access to him and made a policy of limited access for all wire services.[645][646] The Federal Communications Commission launched investigations into media outlets accused of bias against him.[647] As a result of Trump's threats, media executives instructed journalists and their staff to self-censor and reduce criticism of Trump,[648] and CBS agreed to create an Ombudsman to monitor its news channels to root out "bias" at CBS News.[649]
Assessment Public image Main articles: Public image of Donald Trump and Donald Trump in popular culture See also: Opinion polling on the first Trump presidency and Opinion polling on the second Trump presidencyIn Trump's first term, from 2017 to 2021, international approval ratings of U.S. leadership dropped from about 22 percent in a Gallup poll[650] of 134 countries to just 16 percent—lower than China's Xi Jinping and Russia's Vladimir Putin—in a Pew Research poll[651] of 13 countries. In 2017, estimation of U.S. leadership declined most among allies.[652] Domestically, Trump had chiefly partisan support: 88 percent among Republicans and 7 percent among Democrats.[653] In a 2021 Gallup poll, he was the only president never to reach a 50 percent approval rating, and he was the first not to be named most admired in his first year in office.[654]
In his second term's first quarter according to Gallup, Trump's approval rating was 45 percent—somewhat better than his first term, and far below the 60 percent erage of other presidents.[655] Support remained polarized; he had the approval of 90 percent among Republicans, 37 percent among independents, and 4 percent among Democrats.[656] His second term also saw large drops in global public opinion of the United States.[657]
Scholarly rankings Further information: Historical rankings of presidents of the United StatesAfter Trump's first term, historians ranked Trump as the fourth-worst president in C-SPAN's 2021 survey of presidential historians.[658] He rated lowest in the leadership characteristics categories for moral authority and administrative skills.[659][660] The Siena College Research Institute's 2022 survey ranked him third-worst. He was ranked near the bottom in all categories except for luck, willingness to take risks, and party leadership, and ranked last in several categories.[661] In 2018 and 2024, members of the American Political Science Association ranked him the worst president.[662][663]
Personal life Family Further information: Trump familyIn 1977, Trump married Ivana Zelníčková.[664] They had three children: Donald Jr. (b. 1977), Ivanka (b. 1981), and Eric (b. 1984). The couple divorced in 1990, following his affair with model and actress Marla Maples.[665] He and Maples married in 1993 and divorced in 1999. They he one daughter, Tiffany (b. 1993), whom Maples raised in California.[666] In 2005, he married Slovenian model Melania Knauss.[667] They he one son, Barron (b. 2006).[668]
Relationship with Jeffrey Epstein Main article: Relationship between Donald Trump and Jeffrey EpsteinTrump had a 15-year friendship with Jeffrey Epstein. Persons who knew them at the time said they frequently hit on and competed for women.[669] Media attention and public pressure mounted in 2025, when his administration did not release files relating to Epstein, despite Trump's promise to do so during the 2024 campaign.[670] Some of the files were released in December 2025, mostly heily redacted.[671]
Health Main article: Age and health concerns about Donald TrumpTrump says he has never drunk alcohol, smoked cigarettes, or used drugs,[672][673] and that he sleeps about four or five hours a night.[674][675] He has called golfing his "primary form of exercise", but usually does not walk the course.[676] Trump considers exercise a waste of energy because he believes in battery theory, a fringe belief that human beings are born with a finite amount of energy that is depleted by physical activity.[677][678]
In 2015, his campaign released a letter from his longtime personal physician, Harold Bornstein, stating that he would "be the healthiest individual ever elected to the presidency".[679] In 2018, Bornstein said Trump had dictated the contents of the letter and that three of Trump's agents had seized his medical records in a February 2017 raid on Bornstein's office.[679][680]
Religion Main article: Donald Trump and religionTrump called himself a Presbyterian and a Protestant in 2016.[681][682] In 2020, he said he was a nondenominational Christian.[683] However, many he questioned the depth of these religious affiliations. A survey during his first presidency (2017–2021) showed that 63 percent of Americans did not believe that he was religious, despite professing a Christian affiliation, and that only 44 percent of Americans believed Trump was a Christian.[684] Some of Trump's comments on the Bible or Christian practice he led critical observers to suggest that his knowledge of Christianity is superficial or erroneous, and few biographers he described him as deeply or even particularly religious.[685][686]
In his first term, Trump appointed his personal pastor[687] and spiritual advisor,[688] millionaire televangelist Paula White-Cain, to the White House Office of Public Liaison.[689] During his second term, he appointed her senior advisor of the newly created White House Faith Office.[690][691]
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"Get to know Donald's other daughter: Tiffany Trump". USA Today. Retrieved July 10, 2022. ^ Kranish & Fisher 2017, p. 266. ^ "Donald Trump Fast Facts". CNN. July 2, 2021. Retrieved September 29, 2021. ^ Feuer, Alan; Goldstein, Matthew (July 19, 2025). "Inside the Long Friendship Between Trump and Epstein". The New York Times. Retrieved August 27, 2025. ^ Bisset, Victoria; Wells, Dylan (August 2, 2025). "A timeline of how the Epstein controversy became a headache for Trump". The Washington Post. Retrieved August 27, 2025. ^ Feuer, Alan (December 20, 2025). "6 Takeaways From the First Batch of the Epstein Files". The New York Times. Retrieved December 20, 2025. ^ Nagourney, Adam (October 30, 2020). "In Trump and Biden, a Choice of Teetotalers for President". The New York Times. Retrieved February 5, 2021. ^ Parker, Ashley; Rucker, Philip (October 2, 2018). "Kanaugh likes beer — but Trump is a teetotaler: 'He doesn't like drinkers.'". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 5, 2021. ^ Dangerfield, Katie (January 17, 2018). "Donald Trump sleeps 4–5 hours each night; he's not the only famous 'short sleeper'". Global News. Retrieved February 5, 2021. ^ Almond & Du 2020. ^ Ballengee, Ryan (July 14, 2018). "Donald Trump says he gets most of his exercise from golf, then uses cart at Turnberry". Golf News Net. Retrieved July 4, 2019. ^ Rettner, Rachael (May 14, 2017). "Trump thinks that exercising too much uses up the body's 'finite' energy". The Washington Post. Retrieved September 29, 2021. ^ O'Donnell & Rutherford 1991, p. 133. ^ a b Marquardt, Alex; Crook, Lawrence III (May 1, 2018). "Exclusive: Bornstein claims Trump dictated the glowing health letter". CNN. Retrieved May 20, 2018. ^ Schecter, Anna (May 1, 2018). "Trump doctor Harold Bornstein says bodyguard, lawyer 'raided' his office, took medical files". NBC News. Retrieved June 6, 2019. ^ Campbell, Colin (January 23, 2016). "Trump: If I'm president, 'Christianity will he power' in the US". Business Insider. Retrieved January 20, 2025. ^ Engel, Pamela (June 8, 2016). "Trump on God: 'Hopefully I won't he to be asking for much forgiveness'". Business Insider. Retrieved January 20, 2025. ^ Jenkins, Jack; Mwaura, Maina (October 24, 2020). "Trump, confirmed a Presbyterian, now identifies as 'non-denominational Christian'". America. Retrieved January 20, 2025. ^ Fahmy, Dalia (March 25, 2020). "Most Americans don't see Trump as religious; fewer than half say they think he's Christian". Pew Research Center. Retrieved April 21, 2023. ^ Friedman, Ann (April 19, 2017). "Op-Ed: Is Trump religious? Who cares?". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 31, 2025. ^ Taylor, Jessica (January 18, 2016). "Citing 'Two Corinthians,' Trump Struggles To Make The Sale To Evangelicals". NPR. Retrieved March 31, 2025. ^ Peters, Jeremy W.; Dias, Elizabeth (November 2, 2019). "Paula White, Newest White House Aide, Is a Uniquely Trumpian Pastor". The New York Times. Retrieved August 14, 2025. ^ Shellnut, Faith (February 10, 2025). "Trump Appoints Paula White to Oversee Faith Office". Christianity Today. Retrieved August 14, 2025. ^ Peters, Jeremy W.; Haberman, Maggie (October 31, 2019). "Paula White, Trump's Personal Pastor, Joins the White House". The New York Times. Retrieved September 29, 2021. ^ Gabbatt, Adam (April 5, 2025). "'False teacher': Trump's pick to head the 'White House faith office' roils some fellow Christians". The Guardian. Retrieved August 14, 2025. ^ Bridges, C. A.; Walker, Diamond (February 20, 2025). "Trump's new faith office. What to know about controversial Florida pastor Paula White". The Palm Beach Post. Retrieved August 14, 2025. Works cited Books Barrett, Wayne (2016) [1992]. Trump: The Greatest Show On Earth: The Deals, the Downfall, the Reinvention. Regan Arts. ISBN 978-1-68245-079-6. Blair, Gwenda (2015) [2001]. The Trumps: Three Generations That Built an Empire. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1-5011-3936-9. Buettner, Russ; Craig, Susanne (2024). Lucky Loser: How Donald Trump Squandered His Father's Fortune And Created The Illusion of Success. Penguin Press. ISBN 978-0-593-29864-0. D'Antonio, Michael (2015). Never enough : Donald Trump and the pursuit of success. Thomas Dunne Books, St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-1-250-04238-5. Haberman, Maggie (2022). Confidence Man: The Making of Donald Trump and the Breaking of America. Penguin Press. ISBN 978-0-593-29734-6. Harvey, Michael (2022). "Introduction: History's Rhymes". In Harvey, Michael (ed.). Donald Trump in Historical Perspective. Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781003110361-1. ISBN 978-1-003-11036-1. Hurt III, Harry (1993). Lost Tycoon. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 447. ISBN 0-393-03029-6. Johnston, Did Cay (2016). The Making of Donald Trump. Melville House Publishing. ISBN 978-1-61219-658-9. Johnston, Did Cay (2021). The Big Cheat: How Donald Trump Fleeced America And Enriched Himself And His Family. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1-9821-7804-8. Kakutani, Michiko (2018). "The Firehose of Falsehood: Propaganda and Fake News". The Death of Truth: Notes on Falsehood in the Age of Trump. Crown/Archetype. ISBN 978-0-525-57484-2. Klein, Naomi (2017). No Is Not Enough. Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-198679-1. Kranish, Michael; Fisher, Marc (2017) [2016]. Trump Revealed: The Definitive Biography of the 45th President. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1-5011-5652-6. Meacham, Jon (2016). Destiny and Power: The American Odyssey of George Herbert Walker Bush. Random House. ISBN 978-0-8129-7947-3. O'Brien, Timothy L. (2005a). TrumpNation: The Art of Being The Donald. Grand Central Publishing. ISBN 978-0-446-69617-3. O'Donnell, John R.; Rutherford, James (1991). Trumped!. Crossroad Press Trade Edition. ISBN 978-1-946025-26-5.
Journals Almond, Douglas; Du, Xinming (December 2020). "Later bedtimes predict President Trump's performance". Economics Letters. 197 109590. doi:10.1016/j.econlet.2020.109590. ISSN 0165-1765. PMC 7518119. PMID 33012904. Berman, Sheri (May 2021). "The Causes of Populism in the West". Annual Review of Political Science. 24: 71–88. doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-041719-102503. ISSN 1094-2939. Campani, Giovanna; Concepción, Sunamis Fabelo; Soler, Angel Rodriguez; Sín, Claudia Sánchez (November 2, 2022). "The Rise of Donald Trump Right-Wing Populism in the United States: Middle American Radicalism and Anti-Immigration Discourse". Societies. 12 (6): 154. doi:10.3390/soc12060154. Castañeda, Ernesto; Jenks, Daniel (April 17, 2023). Costa, Bruno Ferreira; Parton, Nigel (eds.). "January 6th and De-Democratization in the United States". Social Sciences. 12 (4). MDPI: 238–253. doi:10.3390/socsci12040238. ISSN 2076-0760. Edwards, Jason A. (2018). "Make America Great Again: Donald Trump and Redefining the U.S. Role in the World". Communication Quarterly. 66 (2): 176. doi:10.1080/01463373.2018.1438485. Gaufman, Elizeta; Ganesh, Bharath (2024). "The Trump Carnival: Populism, Transgression and the Far Right Bias - Chapter 6: Laughing Culture". De Gruyter Contemporary Social Sciences. 35: 69–70. doi:10.1515/9783111238135-006. Johnson, Kevin R. (2017a). "Immigration and civil rights in the Trump administration: Law and policy making by executive order". Santa Clara Law Review. 57 (3): 611–665. Johnson, Kevin R.; Cuison-Villazor, Rose (May 2, 2019). "The Trump Administration and the War on Immigration Diversity". Wake Forest Law Review. 54 (2): 575–616. Kaufman, Robert R.; Haggard, Stephan (2019). "Democratic Decline in the United States: What Can We Learn from Middle-Income Backsliding?". Perspectives on Politics. 17 (2): 417–432. doi:10.1017/S1537592718003377. S2CID 149457724. Lajevardi, Nazita; Oskooii, Kassra A. R. (2018). "Old-Fashioned Racism, Contemporary Islamophobia, and the Isolation of Muslim Americans in the Age of Trump". Journal of Race, Ethnicity, and Politics. 3 (1): 112–152. doi:10.1017/rep.2017.37. McGurk, Brett (January 22, 2020). "The Cost of an Incoherent Foreign Policy: Trump's Iran Imbroglio Undermines U.S. Priorities Everywhere Else". Foreign Affairs. Nacos, Brigitte L.; Shapiro, Robert Y.; Bloch-Elkon, Yaeli (2020). "Donald Trump: Aggressive Rhetoric and Political Violence". Perspectives on Terrorism. 14 (5): 2–25. ISSN 2334-3745. JSTOR 26940036. Retrieved January 20, 2025. O'Brien, Shannon (July 22, 2020). "Donald Trump and the Kayfabe Presidency - Wrestling with the Presidency: How Donald Trump Uses Wrestling and Theatrical Tactics in the Public Sphere". Rhetoric, Politics and Society: 39–58. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-50551-6_3. Parker, Christopher Sebastian; Towler, Christopher C. (May 2019). "Race and Authoritarianism in American Politics". Annual Review of Political Science. 22: 503–519. doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-050317-064519. ISSN 1094-2939. Perry, Samuel L.; Whitehead, Andrew L.; Grubbs, Joshua B. (April 21, 2021). "The Devil That You Know: Christian Nationalism and Intent to Change One's Voting Behior For or Against Trump in 2020". Politics and Religion. 15 (2): 229–246. doi:10.1017/S175504832100002X. hdl:11244/334967. Piazza, James; Van Doren, Natalia (October 8, 2022). "It's About Hate: Approval of Donald Trump, Racism, Xenophobia and Support for Political Violence". American Politics Research. 51 (3): 299–314. doi:10.1177/1532673X221131561. ISSN 1532-673X. PMC 12333664. PMID 40787175. Pion-Berlin, Did; Bruneau, Thomas; Goetze, Richard B. Jr. (April 7, 2022). "The Trump self-coup attempt: comparisons and civil–military relations". Government and Opposition. FirstView (4): 789–806. doi:10.1017/gov.2022.13. S2CID 248033246. Rothe, Dawn L.; Collins, Victoria E. (November 17, 2019). "Turning Back the Clock? Violence against Women and the Trump Administration". Victims & Offenders. 14 (8): 965–978. doi:10.1080/15564886.2019.1671284. Ross, Bertrall L. (July 1, 2024). "Polarization, Populism, and the Crisis of American Democracy". Annual Review of Law and Social Science. 20: 293–308. doi:10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-041922-035113. Schaffner, Brian F.; Macwilliams, Matthew; Nteta, Tatishe (March 2018). "Understanding White Polarization in the 2016 Vote for President: The Sobering Role of Racism and Sexism". Political Science Quarterly. 133 (1): 9–34. doi:10.1002/polq.12737. Stephens-Dougan, LaFluer (May 2021). "The Persistence of Racial Cues and Appeals in American Elections". Annual Review of Political Science. 24: 301–320. doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-082619-015522. ISSN 1094-2939. Sundahl, Anne-Mette Holmgård (May 4, 2022). "Personality Cult or a Mere Matter of Popularity?". International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society. 36 (4): 431–458. doi:10.1007/s10767-022-09423-0. PMC 9066393. PMID 35528318. Urbinati, Nadia (May 2019). "Political Theory of Populism". Annual Review of Political Science. 22: 111–127. doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-050317-070753. ISSN 1094-2939. Retrieved December 20, 2024. Further reading Books credited to Trump Books about Trump External links Library resources about Donald Trump Resources in your library Resources in other libraries By Donald Trump Resources in your library Resources in other libraries Archive of Donald Trump's tweets (Enter 2021-01-09 into the End Date field to view tweets from before the suspension.) Appearances on C-SPAN Donald Trump at IMDb Donald Trump on the Internet Archive vteDonald Trump 45th (2017–2021) and 47th (2025–present) president of the United States Life andpolitics Early life and education Business career The Trump Organization legal affairs business projects in Russia links between business partners and Russian government officials wealth tax returns Trump Media & Technology Group Media career The Apprentice American football Golf Honors and awards Makeup Political positions Trumpism Relationship to fascism Relationship to antisemitism Rhetoric Political endorsements False or misleading statements first term between terms second term promotion of conspiracy theories Protests timeline Racial views Security incidents Age and health concerns Religion Attempted assassinations Las Vegas, 2016 Pennsylvania, 2024 raised-fist photographs perpetrator Florida, 2024 perpetrator FamilyWives Ivana Trump (1977–1990) Marla Maples (1993–1999) Melania Trump (2005–present) Children Donald Trump Jr. Ivanka Trump Eric Trump Tiffany Trump Barron Trump Fred Trump (father) Mary Anne MacLeod Trump (mother) Maryanne Trump Barry (sister) Fred Trump Jr. (brother) Robert Trump (brother) Frederick Trump (grandfather) Elizabeth Christ Trump (grandmother) Jared Kushner (son-in-law) Lara Trump (daughter-in-law) Michael Boulos (son-in-law) Vanessa Trump (former daughter-in-law) Blaine Trump (former sister-in-law) Amalija Kns (mother-in-law) John G. 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Trump State Park Nicknames used Trump Force One Trump derangement syndrome Fort Trump Official portraits Support groups Bikers for Trump Blacks for Trump Black Voices for Trump Gays for Trump Women for Trump Pseudonyms Wikipedia coverage ← Barack Obama ← Joe Biden → Category vteFirst presidency of Donald Trump (2017–2021) Previous: Obama administration Next: Biden administration See also: Second Trump administration General Appointments ambassadors U.S. attorneys judges Supreme Court candidates Gorsuch Kanaugh Barrett Cabinet Pence vice presidency Economic advisors Withdrawn appointees Short-tenure appointees Dismissals and resignations attorneys Comey inspectors general Executive orders Legal affairs Impeachments efforts resolutions impeachment inquiry first impeachment first trial second impeachment second trial proposed expungements Opinion polling 2017 2018 2019 Pardons Joe Arpaio commutation of Jaime Didson Proclamations 2017 2018 2019 2020–21 Trips 2017 2018 2019 2020–21 international Rex Tillerson Mike Pompeo North Korea summit Singapore Hanoi DMZ Riyadh summit Helsinki summit 2019 state visit to the United Kingdom Namaste Trump EventsTimeline First 100 days 2017 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 2018 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 2019 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 2020 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 January 2021 Speeches Joint address to Congress Warsaw speech National Scout Jamboree State of the Union Address 2018 2019 2020 Oval Office Address 2019 2020 Farewell address Other Transition 2017 Vote Count Inauguration Biden transition 2021 Vote Count PoliciesDomestic Government shutdowns January 2018 2018–2019 Salute to America 2019 2020 COVID-19 pandemic Taskforce Communication Government response stimulus bills CARES Act Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 Operation Warp Speed White House outbreak Interference with science agencies Reactions to the George Floyd protests Photo op at St. John's Church Deployment of federal forces in the United States Attacks on journalists 2020 Mount Rushmore Fireworks Celebration National Garden of American Heroes Infrastructure Racial views Social First Step Act Cannabis Space Economic Tax cuts Tariffs China trade war USMCA Farmer bailouts Environmental Paris Agreement withdrawal America's Water Infrastructure Act of 2018 Foreign America First Saudi Arabia arms deal Relations with Iran Nuclear deal withdrawal Relations with Israel Jerusalem recognition Golan Heights recognition Palestine peace plan Abraham Accords UAE Bahrain Sudan Morocco Kosovo–Serbia agreements Syria strikes 2017 2018 Killings al-Baghdadi Soleimani Afghanistan withdrawal Taliban deal Proposed invasion of Venezuela Immigration Trel bans reactions legal challenges protests replacement Executive Order 13767 Border wall Family separation policy protests Migrant detentions Troop deployments National emergency Protests 2017 Women's March list Lincoln Portland Seattle global LGBTQ Trel ban list Day Without Immigrants Not My Presidents Day Day Without a Woman Tax March March for Science list Portland Seattle 2018 People's Climate March May Day March for Truth Impeachment March Boston Free Speech Rally (counter-protest) U.S. national anthem kneeling protests 2018 Women's March list Gun violence March for Our Lives list Portland Seattle Family separation Abolish ICE Families Belong Together Occupy ICE Women Disobey Donald Trump baby balloon Kremlin Annex Nobody Is Above the Law 2019 Women's March list 2019 Presidents Day protest Dump Trump (statue) December 2019 impeachment protests 2020 Women's March January list October list Racial unrest George Floyd protests list-USA list-abroad Trump Statue Initiative God Emperor Trump Related 2016 election Trump campaign Democratic backsliding in the United States Donald Trump and fascism Trumpism Unitary executive theory Media False or misleading statements by Trump during first term Social media Twitter Crossfire Hurricane Classified information disclosures Special counsel investigations Mueller Durham Links between Trump administration and Russian government officials Russian bounty program Anonymous senior official op-ed Stormy Daniels scandal Zelenskyy phone call Ukraine scandal Federal government data breach Attempts to overturn the 2020 presidential election Fake electors plot Chesebro memos Eastman memos Lawsuits Texas v. Pennsylvania Jeffrey Clark letter January 6 United States Capitol attack timeline aftermath continued protests domestic reactions international reactions Presidential Library Category vteSecond presidency of Donald Trump (2025–present)General Appointments ambassadors attorneys Cabinet Vance vice presidency Executive orders Biden directives rescission Defense Department renaming JFK-RFK-MLK assassination records Legal affairs Bessent v. Dellinger United States v. Russell Opinion polling Pardons January 6 defendants Proclamations Trips 2025 international Marco Rubio EventsTimeline First 100 days 2025 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Speeches Joint address to Congress Speech at the United Nations Other Transition 2025 Vote Count Inauguration United States Army 250th Anniversary Parade Assassination of Charlie Kirk Memorial service 2025 United States federal government shutdown SNAP shutdown United States Semiquincentennial Memorial Circle arch PoliciesDomestic DEI Executive Order 14151 Executive Order 14173 National Urban League v. Trump San Francisco AIDS Foundation v. Trump Education Antisemitism CRT and gender Compact for Academic Excellence in Higher Education Joint Task Force to Combat Anti-Semitism E.K. v. Department of Defense Education Activity Harvard College v. HHS English official language designation Federal grants freeze Federal hiring freeze Hyde Amendment enforcement Jocelyn Nungaray National Wildlife Refuge Act Science policy NOAA Radar Program Office University of Oklahoma Smithsonian Institution Space policy Golden Dome NYC congestion pricing approval revocation Office of Shipbuilding Online resource removals Defense Department DEI censorship "Restoring Names That Honor American Greatness" Gulf of Mexico naming controversy Denali–Mount McKinley naming dispute Social media content moderation TAKE IT DOWN Act White House Faith Office Economic Artificial intelligence Genesis Mission Stargate Project Cryptocurrency CBDC and digital assets GENIUS Act Strategic bitcoin reserve OECD GMCTR agreement withdrawal Tariffs Canada and Mexico China Learning Resources v. 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AIDS Vaccine Advocacy Coalition Gaza war Gaza Strip takeover proposal Peace plan Peace summit ICC sanctions 2025 India diplomatic and trade crisis May 2025 Middle East visit 61st Munich Security Conference JD Vance speech 2025 NATO summit Relations with Iran Iranian attack on US military base in Qatar US strikes on Iranian nuclear sites Iran negotiations Iran–Israel war ceasefire Ramaphosa Oval Office meeting Russian invasion of Ukraine Peace talks First Putin call Saudi Arabia meeting Minerals agreement Zelenskyy Oval Office meeting 2025 Alaska summit White House multilateral meeting 2025 Budapest summit Caribbean nal deployment Operation Southern Spear strikes on alleged drug trafficking boats oil tanker seizure 2025 state visit to the United Kingdom Withdrawal from WHO Yemen attacks Houthis FTO designation Operation Rough Rider Ras Isa oil terminal airstrikes Signal group chat leaks Ceasefire Immigration Alligator Alcatraz Arrest of Hannah Dugan Birthright citizenship Barbara v. 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Boston Visa and deportation controversies Mahmoud Khalil Mohsen Mahdawi Rasha Alawieh Rümeysa Öztürk Sarah Shaw White South African refugee program Healthcare HHS gender dysphoria report HHS reorganization Administration for a Healthy America Make America Healthy Again MAHA report Democraticbacksliding Department of Government Efficiency Deferred resignation Lawsuits Mass layoffs Network Targets AFGE v. Trump Deployment of federal forces District of Columbia November 2025 National Guard shooting Newsom v. Trump Deportation and detention of U.S. citizens Election law and voting rights 2025–2026 United States redistricting Independent agencies Trump v. Cook Trump v. Slaughter Inspectors General dismissals Justice Department resignations Media Associated Press v. Budowich Attacks on journalists Pentagon press pass forfeiture Public broadcasting Skydance Media–Paramount Global merger Suspension of Jimmy Kimmel Live! Warner Bros. Discovery acquisition oversight White House Wire Persecution of transgender people "Adult human female" Gender identification Gender-affirming care for minors Military service Women's sports Targeting political opponents and civil society Justice Department 2016 Russian interference counterinvestigation Law firms National Security Presidential Memorandum-7 Newark immigration detention center incident Prosecutions John Bolton James Comey Letitia James Reprisals against commentators on the Charlie Kirk assassination Weaponization Working Group Trumpism Agenda 47 Donald Trump and fascism False or misleading statements by Trump during second term Project 2025 Unitary executive theory Protests 50501 movement protests Day of Action Anti-deportation protests Los Angeles Portland Day Without Immigrants Economic Blackout Efforts to impeach resolutions Free America Weekend Good Trouble Lives On protest Hands Off protests No Kings protests June 2025 October 2025 People's March Response to DOGE Stand Up for Science 2025 2025 United States boycott Canadian boycott Related 2024 election Trump campaign Anti-LGBTQ movement Colorado State Capitol portrait Donald Trump and antisemitism Elon Musk feud Executive Branch (club) Jeffrey Epstein relationship Birthday book Epstein files National Mall statue Epstein Files Transparency Act Kennedy Center Lake Kaweah and Lake Success water release Penny debate in the United States Presidential library Presidential Walk of Fame Project Esther Qatari luxury jet gift TACO $Trump Mar-a-Lago face White House State Ballroom Demolition of East Wing Category Offices and distinctions Party political offices Preceded byMitt Romney Republican nominee for President of the United States 2016, 2020, 2024 Most recent Political offices Preceded byBarack Obama President of the United States 2017–2021 Succeeded byJoe Biden Preceded byJoe Biden President of the United States 2025–present Incumbent U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial) First Order of precedence of the United Statesas President Succeeded byJD Vanceas Vice President Articles related to Donald Trump vteBusinesses of Donald Trump The Trump Organization Donald Trump Jr. Eric Trump Allen Weisselberg Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump List of things named after Donald Trump NYC properties The Trump Building (40 Wall Street) Trump Parc and Trump Parc East Trump Park Avenue Trump Tower Trump World Tower Hotels and resorts Trump International Hotel and Tower Chicago Las Vegas 2025 explosion Maldives New York City Mar-a-Lago Golf coursesU.S. Bedminster, NJ "Doral" Miami, FL Jupiter, FL Los Angeles, CA Pine Hill, NJ Washington, D.C. Westchester, NY West Palm Beach, FL Europe Balmedie, Scotland wind farm dispute Doonbeg, Ireland Turnberry, Scotland Other current ventures $Trump Cryptocurrency Never Surrender High-Top Trump Media & Technology Group Truth Social Trump Mobile Trump Winery Name licensing Trump Bay Street Trump Palace Condominiums Jersey City, NJ New Rochelle, NY New York City, NY Trump Tower Istanbul, Turkey Manila, Philippines Pune, India Punta del Este, Uruguay Sunny Isles Beach, FL Former properties GM Building Hyatt Grand Central New York JW Marriott Panama Ka Laʻi Waikiki Beach Hotel LSH Hotel (Brazil) Old Post Office (Washington, D.C.) Paradox Hotel Vancouver Park Tower Stamford Plaza Hotel The Dominick (Trump SoHo) The Plaza (West Palm Beach, FL) The St. Regis Toronto The Tower at City Place (White Plains, NY) Cancelled realestate projects Russian projects Trump Tower Moscow Trump International Hotel and Tower Baku, Azerbaijan Dubai, UAE Fort Lauderdale, FL New Orleans, LA Phoenix, AZ Trump Ocean Resort Baja Mexico Trump Tower Brazil Germany Israel Tampa, FL Twin Towers 2 Former ventures Central Park Carousel Donald Trump dolls Donald J. Trump Foundation GoTrump.com Lasker Rink Miss Universe Miss USA Miss Teen USA New Jersey Generals Paris Is Out! Tour de Trump Trump Home Trump Entertainment Resorts Trump's Castle / Trump Marina Trump Plaza Hotel and Casino Trump Taj Mahal Trump World's Fair Trump Casino Indiana Trump magazines Trump Model Management Trump Mortgage Trump Network Trump Place Trump Productions Trump Shuttle Trump Steaks Trump University Trump Vodka Trump Ice Trump Village Wollman Rink vteMedia by and about Donald TrumpSee also: Media career of Donald Trump – Donald Trump in popular culture – Trump Productions – List of things named after Donald TrumpBooksByTrump Trump: The Art of the Deal (1987) Trump: Surviving at the Top (1990) Trump: The Art of the Comeback (1997) The America We Deserve (2000) Trump: How to Get Rich (2004) The Way to the Top (2004) Trump 101 (2006) Why We Want You to Be Rich (2006) Think Big and Kick Ass (2007) Trump Tower (2011) Time to Get Tough (2011) Midas Touch (2011) Crippled America (2015) Our Journey Together (2021) Letters to Trump (2023) Se America (2024) AboutTrump Point the Finger (1989) Trumped! (1991) TrumpNation (2005) Never Enough (2015) The Conservative Case for Trump (2016) The Day of the Donald (2016) The Making of Donald Trump (2016) The Plot to Hack America (2016) Trump Revealed (2016) In Trump We Trust (2016) The Beautiful Poetry of Donald Trump (2017) The Case for Impeachment (2017) Insane Clown President (2017) Understanding Trump (2017) The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump (2017) Devil's Bargain (2017) Raising Trump (2017) Let Trump Be Trump (2017) Fire and Fury (2018) Media Madness (2018) The Faith of Donald J. Trump (2018) A Higher Loyalty (2018) Liars, Leakers, and Liberals (2018) The Briefing: Politics, the Press, and the President (2018) Unhinged (2018) Resistance Is Futile! (2018) Fear: Trump in the White House (2018) The Fifth Risk (2018) Impeachment: An American History (2018) Whose Boat Is This Boat? (2018) Team of Vipers (2019) The Threat (2019) Siege (2019) Triggered (2019) A Warning (2019) Trump and His Generals (2019) A Very Stable Genius (2020) Hiding in Plain Sight (2020) Front Row at the Trump Show (2020) The Room Where It Happened (2020) Too Much and Never Enough (2020) Melania and Me (2020) Hoax (2020) Compromised (2020) Rage (2020) Disloyal: A Memoir (2020) Speaking for Myself (2020) Landslide (2021) I Alone Can Fix It (2021) The Reckoning (2021) Peril (2021) I'll Take Your Questions Now (2021) Midnight in Washington (2021) Betrayal: The Final Act of the Trump Show (2021) A Sacred Oath (2022) Thank You for Your Servitude (2022) Breaking History (2022) Holding the Line (2022) Confidence Man: The Making of Donald Trump and the Breaking of America (2022) The Divider: Trump in the White House, 2017–2021 (2022) The Trump Tapes (2022) Enough (2023) Network of Lies (2023) Tired of Winning (2023) At War with Ourselves: My Tour of Duty in the Trump White House (2024) All in the Family: The Trumps and How We Got This Way (2024) Lucky Loser (2024) Melania (2024) All or Nothing (2025) Radio,TV andfilmByTrump The Apprentice franchise The Apprentice (U.S.) (2004–2010) The Celebrity Apprentice (2008–2017) The Ultimate Merger (2010–2011) Trumped! (2004–2008) Pageant Place (2007) AboutTrump Trump: What's the Deal? (1991) Trump Unauthorized (2005) You've Been Trumped (2011) A Dangerous Game (2014) Michael Moore in TrumpLand (2016) Trumped (2017) Trump: The Kremlin Candidate? (2017) American Horror Story: Cult (2017) Dirty Money: The Confidence Man (2018) Trump: An American Dream (2018) The Fourth Estate (2018) Death of a Nation (2018) Fahrenheit 11/9 (2018) The Trump Prophecy (2018) America's Great Divide (2020) Trump Card (2020) The Choice 2020 (2020) The Comey Rule (2020) Totally Under Control (2020) The Curve (2020) Unprecedented (2022) The Apprentice (2024) Vindicating Trump (2024) Satires Pizza Man (1991) Bart to the Future (2000) Bomb Queen: Ultimate Bomb: Trump Card Our Cartoon President The President Show The Queen's Corgi The Art of the Deal: The Movie (2016) Last Week Tonight February 28, 2016, episode Tracey Breaks the News Tracey Ullman's Show (2018) "Demise of the Planet of the Apes / The Celebrity Ape-rentice" (Mad) "The Thanksgiving Special" (Regular Show) Saturday Night Live Herbert Garrison (South Park) Spitting Image (2020) Borat Subsequent Moviefilm (2020) "Trump: The Rusical" Trump vs. Bernie You Got Trumped: The First 100 Days Harvey Birdman: Attorney General Sassy Justice Trump vs the Illuminati "Trump Guy" Biff Tannen Music "Donald Trump (Black Version)" (1990) "Las Vegas (In the Hills of Donegal)" (1991) "Country Grammar (Hot Shit)" (2000) "Donald Trump" (2011) Up Like Trump (2014) Make America Psycho Again (2015 album) "FDT" (2016) 1,000 Days, 1,000 Songs "Million Dollar Loan" (2016) "Campaign Speech" (2016) "We the People...." (2016) "Land of the Free" (2017) "Legendary" (2017) "The Heart Part 4" (2017) "I'm Not Racist" (2017) "Tiny Hands" (2017) Too Dumb for Suicide: Tim Heidecker's Trump Songs (2017) "Ye vs. the People" (2018) "Love It If We Made It" (2018) "Batuka" (2019) "Quick Escape" (2020) "Commander in Chief" (2020) "Justice for All" (2023) "You Missed" (2024) Artwork Best Friends Forever Colorado State Capitol portrait Crooked and Obscene Don Colossus The Donald J. Trump Enduring Flame Dump Trump The Emperor Has No Balls God Emperor Trump In Honor of a Lifetime of Sexual Assault Make Everything Great Again Portrait by Michael O'Brien Slovenia Trump Buddha The Visionary Games Trump: The Game Trump Castle II Who Wants to Beat Up a Millionaire Real Estate Tycoon The Political Machine 2012 2016 2020 Trumped Up Cards Secret Hitler Websites r/The_Donald Truth Social Wikipedia coverage Related Cultural depictions of Ivanka Trump Public image of Melania Trump Winning Team Publishing vteMembers of the Cabinet of the United StatesCabinet membersTrump • Vance Bessent Bondi Burgum Chez-DeRemer Collins Duffy Hegseth Kennedy Lutnick McMahon Noem Rollins Rubio Turner WrightCabinet-level members Gabbard Greer Loeffler Ratcliffe Vought Wiles Zeldin Cabinet of Donald Trump vteLeaders of the Group of Seven Carney Macron Merz Meloni Takaichi Starmer Trump Costa / Von der Leyen vteLeaders of NATO Secretary General: Rutte Albania: Rama Belgium: De Wever Bulgaria: Zhelyazkov Canada: Carney Croatia: Plenković Czech Republic: Babiš Denmark: Frederiksen Estonia: Michal Finland: Orpo France: Macron Germany: Merz Greece: Mitsotakis Hungary: Orbán Iceland: Kristrún Italy: Meloni Latvia: Siliņa Lithuania: Nausėda Luxembourg: Frieden Montenegro: Spajić Netherlands: Schoof North Macedonia: Mickoski Norway: Støre Poland: Tusk Portugal: Montenegro Romania: Dan Slovakia: Fico Slovenia: Golob Spain: Sánchez Sweden: Kristersson Turkey: Erdoğan United Kingdom: Starmer United States: Trump vteLeaders of the G20 African Union: Lourenço / Youssouf Argentina: Milei Australia: Albanese Brazil: Lula Canada: Carney China: Xi European Union: Costa / von der Leyen France: Macron Germany: Merz India: Modi Indonesia: Prabowo Italy: Meloni Japan: Takaichi Mexico: Sheinbaum Russia: Putin Saudi Arabia: Salman South Africa: Ramaphosa South Korea: Lee Turkey: Erdoğan United Kingdom: Starmer United States: Trump vteLeaders of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Albanese Bolkiah Carney Boric Xi Lai (Envoy: Lin)1 Lee Prabowo Takaichi Lee Anwar Sheinbaum Luxon Marape Jerí Marcos Putin Wong Anutin Trump Cường 1 President is a non-participant; Taiwan is represented as Chinese Taipei. vtePresidents of the United StatesPresidents andpresidencies George Washington (1789–1797) John Adams (1797–1801) Thomas Jefferson (1801–1809) James Madison (1809–1817) James Monroe (1817–1825) John Quincy Adams (1825–1829) Andrew Jackson (1829–1837) Martin Van Buren (1837–1841) William Henry Harrison (1841) John Tyler (1841–1845) James K. Polk (1845–1849) Zachary Taylor (1849–1850) Millard Fillmore (1850–1853) Franklin Pierce (1853–1857) James Buchanan (1857–1861) Abraham Lincoln (1861–1865) Andrew Johnson (1865–1869) Ulysses S. Grant (1869–1877) Rutherford B. Hayes (1877–1881) James A. Garfield (1881) Chester A. Arthur (1881–1885) Grover Cleveland (1885–1889) Benjamin Harrison (1889–1893) Grover Cleveland (1893–1897) William McKinley (1897–1901) Theodore Roosevelt (1901–1909) William Howard Taft (1909–1913) Woodrow Wilson (1913–1921) Warren G. Harding (1921–1923) Calvin Coolidge (1923–1929) Herbert Hoover (1929–1933) Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933–1945) Harry S. Truman (1945–1953) Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953–1961) John F. Kennedy (1961–1963) Lyndon B. Johnson (1963–1969) Richard Nixon (1969–1974) Gerald Ford (1974–1977) Jimmy Carter (1977–1981) Ronald Reagan (1981–1989) George H. W. Bush (1989–1993) Bill Clinton (1993–2001) George W. Bush (2001–2009) Barack Obama (2009–2017) Donald Trump (2017–2021) Joe Biden (2021–2025) Donald Trump (2025–present) Presidencytimelines Washington J. Adams McKinley T. Roosevelt Taft Wilson Harding Coolidge Hoover F. D. Roosevelt Truman Eisenhower Kennedy L. B. Johnson Nixon Ford Carter Reagan G. H. W. Bush Clinton G. W. Bush Obama Trump Biden Category List vteUnsuccessful major party candidates for President of the United States Thomas Jefferson (1796) John Adams (1800) Charles C. Pinckney (1804, 1808) DeWitt Clinton (1812) Rufus King (1816) Andrew Jackson (1824) William H. Crawford (1824) Henry Clay (1824, 1832, 1844) John Quincy Adams (1828) William Henry Harrison (1836) Hugh Lawson White (1836) Martin Van Buren (1840) Lewis Cass (1848) Winfield Scott (1852) John C. Frémont (1856) Stephen A. Douglas (1860) George B. McClellan (1864) Horatio Seymour (1868) Horace Greeley (1872) Samuel J. Tilden (1876) Winfield Scott Hancock (1880) James G. Blaine (1884) Grover Cleveland (1888) Benjamin Harrison (1892) William J. Bryan (1896, 1900, 1908) Alton B. Parker (1904) William Howard Taft (1912) Charles Evans Hughes (1916) James M. Cox (1920) John W. Dis (1924) Al Smith (1928) Herbert Hoover (1932) Alf Landon (1936) Wendell Willkie (1940) Thomas E. Dewey (1944, 1948) Adlai Stevenson (1952, 1956) Richard Nixon (1960) Barry Goldwater (1964) Hubert Humphrey (1968) George McGovern (1972) Gerald Ford (1976) Jimmy Carter (1980) Walter Mondale (1984) Michael Dukakis (1988) George H. W. Bush (1992) Bob Dole (1996) Al Gore (2000) John Kerry (2004) John McCain (2008) Mitt Romney (2012) Hillary Clinton (2016) Donald Trump (2020) Kamala Harris (2024) All presidential candidates Presidents Third-party candidates vteFirst cabinet of President Donald Trump (2017–2021)CabinetVice President Mike Pence (2017–2021) Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (2017–2018) Mike Pompeo (2018–2021) Secretary of the Treasury Steven Mnuchin (2017–2021) Secretary of Defense Jim Mattis (2017–2019) Mark Esper (2019–2020) Christopher C. Miller (acting) (2020–2021) Attorney General Jeff Sessions (2017–2018) William Barr (2019–2020) Jeffrey A. Rosen (acting) (2020–2021) Secretary of the Interior Ryan Zinke (2017–2019) Did Bernhardt (2019–2021) Secretary of Agriculture Sonny Perdue (2017–2021) Secretary of Commerce Wilbur Ross (2017–2021) Secretary of Labor Alexander Acosta (2017–2019) Eugene Scalia (2019–2021) Secretary of Health and Human Services Tom Price (2017) Alex Azar (2018–2021) Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Ben Carson (2017–2021) Secretary of Transportation Elaine Chao (2017–2021) Secretary of Energy Rick Perry (2017–2019) Dan Brouillette (2019–2021) Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos (2017–2021) Secretary of Veterans Affairs Did Shulkin (2017–2018) Robert Wilkie (2018–2021) Secretary of Homeland Security John F. Kelly (2017) Kirstjen Nielsen (2017–2019) Chad Wolf (acting) (2019–2021) Cabinet-levelAdministrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Scott Pruitt (2017–2018) Andrew R. Wheeler (2018–2021) Director of the Office of Management and Budget Mick Mulvaney (2017–2020) Russell Vought (2020–2021) Director of National Intelligence Dan Coats (2017–2019) John Ratcliffe (2020–2021) Director of the Central Intelligence Agency Mike Pompeo (2017–2018) Gina Haspel (2018–2021) Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer (2017–2021) Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley (2017–2018) Kelly Craft (2019–2021) Administrator of the Small Business Administration Linda McMahon (2017–2019) Jovita Carranza (2020–2021) White House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus (2017) John F. Kelly (2017–2019) Mark Meadows (2020–2021) See also: Political appointments of the first Trump administration vteSecond cabinet of President Donald Trump (2025–present)CabinetVice President JD Vance (2025–present) Secretary of State Marco Rubio (2025–present) Secretary of the Treasury Scott Bessent (2025–present) Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth (2025–present) Attorney General Pam Bondi (2025–present) Secretary of the Interior Doug Burgum (2025–present) Secretary of Agriculture Brooke Rollins (2025–present) Secretary of Commerce Howard Lutnick (2025–present) Secretary of Labor Lori Chez-DeRemer (2025–present) Secretary of Health and Human Services Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (2025–present) Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Scott Turner (2025–present) Secretary of Transportation Sean Duffy (2025–present) Secretary of Energy Chris Wright (2025–present) Secretary of Education Linda McMahon (2025–present) Secretary of Veterans Affairs Doug Collins (2025–present) Secretary of Homeland Security Kristi Noem (2025–present) Cabinet-levelAdministrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Lee Zeldin (2025–present) Director of the Office of Management and Budget Russell Vought (2025–present) Director of National Intelligence Tulsi Gabbard (2025–present) Director of the Central Intelligence Agency John Ratcliffe (2025–present) Trade Representative Jamieson Greer (2025–present) Administrator of the Small Business Administration Kelly Loeffler (2025–present) White House Chief of Staff Susie Wiles (2025–present) See also: Political appointments of the second Trump administration Donald Trump at Wikipedia's sister projects:Definitions from WiktionaryMedia from CommonsNews from WikinewsQuotations from WikiquoteTexts from WikisourceTextbooks from WikibooksResources from WikiversityData from Wikidata Authority control databases InternationalISNIVIAFGNDFASTWorldCatNationalUnited StatesFranceBnF dataJapanItalyCzech RepublicRussiaSpainRomaniaPortugalNetherlandsNorwayTaiwanLatviaCroatiaChileGreeceArgentinaKoreaSwedenPolandIsraelCataloniaBelgiumAcademicsCiNiiORCIDScopusArtistsULANMusicBrainzEmmy AwardsPeopleTroveDeutsche BiographieDeutsche SynchronkarteiDDBOtherIdRefOpen LibraryNARASNACTe Papa (New Zealand)Yale LUX