Ebenopsis ebano Fruit Conservation status Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1] Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Clade: Rosids Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Subfamily: Caesalpinioideae Clade: Mimosoid clade Genus: Ebenopsis Species: E. ebano Binomial name Ebenopsis ebano(Berland.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes Natural range Synonyms
Acacia flexicaulis Benth. Chloroleucon ebano (Berland.) L.Rico Mimosa ebano Berland. Pithecellobium ebano (Berland.) C.H.Müll. Pithecellobium flexicaule (Benth.) J.M.Coult. Zygia flexicaulis (Benth.) Sudw.[2]
Ebenopsis ebano is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae,[2] that is native to the coastal plain of southern Texas in the United States and eastern Mexico.[3] It is commonly known as Texas ebony or ebano (in Spanish).[2]
Description[edit]Texas ebony is a small, evergreen tree that reaches a height of 7.6–9.1 m (25–30 ft) and a crown width of 1.8–4.6 m (5.9–15.1 ft).[4]
Texas ebony (Ebenopsis ebano) Habitat and range[edit]The range of E. ebano stretches from Laredo and Corpus Christi, Texas[5] south through the states of Tamaulipas, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Veracruz, Campeche, and Yucatán in Mexico.[6] It can be found in the Tamaulipan matorral,[7] Tamaulipan mezquital,[8] Veracruz dry forests, and Yucatán dry forests ecoregions.[9] Its habitat extends from sea level to 1,000 m (3,300 ft), erages 20 to 27 °C (68 to 81 °F) in temperature, and receives a mean of 900 mm (35 in) of annual rainfall.[6]
Uses[edit]Texas ebony is cultivated in xeriscaping for its dense foliage and fragrant flowers.[10] It is also used in bonsai.[11]
Ecology[edit]Ebenopsis ebano is a host plant for the caterpillars of the coyote cloudywing (Achalarus toxeus)[12] and Sphingicampa blanchardi.[13] The seedpods host the bean weevils Stator beali and S. limbatus. Despite the native range of Texas ebony overlapping with that of the latter, S. limbatus only feeds upon it in locales where it is grown as an ornamental and is not native.[14] E. ebano is also a preferred host of the epiphyte Bailey's ball moss (Tillandsia baileyi).[15]
References[edit] ^ Contu, S. (2012). "Ebenopsis ebano". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012: e.T19891615A20070381. Retrieved 14 March 2023. ^ a b c "Ebenopsis ebano". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2009-11-25. ^ "Ebenopsis ebano (Texas Ebony)". Native Plant Database. Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Retrieved 2009-07-06. ^ Irish, Mary (2008). Trees and Shrubs for the Southwest: Woody Plants for Arid Gardens. Timber Press. pp. 178–179. ISBN 978-0-88192-905-8. ^ "Ebenopsis ebano (Berl.) Barneby & Grimes Texas ebony". The PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2010-10-19. Retrieved 2010-11-25. ^ a b "Ebenopsis ebano (Berl.) Britton et Rose" (PDF). Reforestación: Fichas Técnicas (in Spanish). CONAFOR. Retrieved 2009-07-09. ^ García Pérez, Jaime F.; Óscar Aguirre Calderón; Eduardo Estrada Castillón; Joel Flores Rivas; Jier Jiménez Pérez; Enrique Jurado Ybarra (2007). "Germinación y establecimiento de plantas nativas del matorral tamaulipeco y una especie introducida en un gradiente de elevación". Madera y Bosques (in Spanish). 13 (1): 99–117. doi:10.21829/myb.2007.1311238. ^ Lentz, Did Lewis (2000). Imperfect Balance: Landscape Transformations in the Precolumbian Americas. Columbia University Press. p. 79. ISBN 978-0-231-11157-7. ^ Beletsky, Les (2006). Southern Mexico: the Cancún Region, Yucatán Peninsula, Oaxaca, Chiapas, and Tabasco. Interlink Books. p. 23. ISBN 978-1-56656-640-7. ^ Miller, George Oxford (2007-03-15). Landscaping with Native Plants of the Southwest. MBI Publishing Company. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-7603-2968-9. ^ Mahler, Robert; Julian Velasco (2008). Pat Lucke Morris; Sigrun Wolff Saphire (eds.). Growing Bonsai Indoors. Brooklyn Botanic Garden. pp. 48–49. ISBN 978-1-889538-42-6. ^ "Coyote Cloudywing Achalarus toxeus (Plötz, 1882)". Butterflies and Moths of North America. Retrieved 2010-03-30. ^ "Sphingicampa blanchardi". Butterflies and Moths of North America. Retrieved November 16, 2018. ^ Fox, Charles W. (2006). "Colonization of a new host by a seed-feeding beetle: Genetic variation, maternal experience, and the effect of an alternate host" (PDF). Annales Zoologici Fennici. 43: 239–247. ^ Sill, Sue (May 2009). "Tillandsia baileyi rose - Texas's Disappearing Native Air-Plant" (PDF). The Sabal. 26 (5). Native Plant Project: 1–5. External links[edit] "Texas Ebony, Ebano, Ebony Blackbeard, Ebony Apes-earring Pithecellobium flexicaule". Benny Simpson's Native Trees of Texas. Texas A&M University. "Pithecellobium flexicaule" (PDF). Digital Representations of Tree Species Range Maps from "Atlas of United States Trees" by Elbert L. Little, Jr. (and other publications). United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-05-28. Media related to Ebenopsis ebano at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Ebenopsis ebano at Wikispecies Taxon identifiersEbenopsis ebano Wikidata: Q5331755 Wikispecies: Ebenopsis ebano BioLib: 202284 Calflora: 9321 CoL: 38C97 EoL: 641267 GBIF: 2976481 GRIN: 405171 iNaturalist: 139185 IPNI: 989425-1 IRMNG: 11397333 ITIS: 565147 IUCN: 19891615 NatureServe: 2.138175 NCBI: 138053 Open Tree of Life: 8880 Plant List: ild-40934 PLANTS: EBEB POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:989425-1 Tropicos: 50096014 WFO: wfo-0000194309 Mimosa ebano Wikidata: Q39143402 CoL: 43G9Q GBIF: 2976491 GRIN: 315161 IPNI: 161637-2 IRMNG: 10166198 ITIS: 565787 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:161637-2 Tropicos: 13041162 WFO: wfo-0000177489