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San Jose State University, California Tower Hall and Morris Dailey Auditorium, San Jose State University, San Jose, California. San Jose California, United States print Print Please select which sections you would like to print: verifiedCite While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you he any questions. Select Citation Style Share Share to social media Facebook X URL https://www.britannica.com/place/San-Jose-California Feedback Thank you for your feedback

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External Websites Official Site of Government of San Jose US History - History of San Jose, California, United States San Jose Public Library - San Jos茂驴陆 History Britannica Websites Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. San Jose - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up) Also known as: Pueblo de San Jos茅 de Guadalupe Written and fact-checked by Britannica Editors Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they he extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Britannica Editors History

San Jose, city, seat (1850) of Santa Clara county, west-central California, U.S. It lies in the Santa Clara Valley along Coyote Creek and the Guadalupe River, about 50 miles (80 km) southeast of San Francisco. The city, located just southeast of San Francisco Bay, sprawls over a broad floodplain that gradually slopes upward toward more rugged terrain to the east and south. With its semiarid climate, San Jose is known for its sunny, mild weather.

San Jose, California

San Jose, the third largest city in California, is also the most populous component of the extensive metropolitan area around the bay that, in addition to San Francisco, includes Oakland. Neighbouring communities include Milpitas (northeast), Alum Rock (east), Los Gatos (southwest), Campbell and Santa Clara (west), and Sunnyvale (northwest). The city constitutes the hub of Silicon Valley, the region of high-technology and computer-related industries that stretches along the southwestern shore of the bay toward San Francisco. Inc. 1850. Area city, 178 square miles (461 square km). Pop. (2010) 945,942; San Jose鈥揝unnyvale鈥揝anta Clara Metro Area, 1,836,911; (2020) 1,013,240; San Jose鈥揝unnyvale鈥揝anta Clara Metro Area, 2,000,468

History

Costanoan Indians lived in the area when European explorers arrived in the mid-18th century. The first civic settlement in California, it was founded by Jos茅 Joaquin Moraga in 1777 as a Spanish farming community and was named Pueblo de San Jos茅 de Guadalup茅 for St. Joseph (San Jos茅). During the Spanish colonial and Mexican periods, it supplied wheat, vegetables, and cattle to the military garrisons at Monterey and San Francisco. After the American occupation of California in 1846, San Jose briefly became the new state鈥檚 first capital, and the first state legislative assembly convened there in December 1849. (The state capital was moved to Vallejo in 1852 and, permanently, to Sacramento in 1854.) In March 1850 San Jose became the first chartered city in California, by which time it had become a bustling trade depot for the goldfields east of Sacramento. In 1864 the coming of the railroad from San Francisco ge San Jose improved trade connections and enabled the produce of nearby farms to be readily shipped to San Francisco. The Santa Clara Valley thus soon developed into a region of orchards and fruit processing.

Britannica Quiz Guess the City by Its River Quiz

Until 1940 most of the city鈥檚 industries remained centred on food processing and the manufacture of orchard supplies and agricultural equipment. During and after World War II, however, there was a meteoric growth in the manufacture of such durable goods as electrical machinery, aircraft parts, and motor vehicles. Large aerospace and business-equipment firms located plants in the area, and San Jose鈥檚 rise as the anchor of Silicon Valley produced an even more spectacular burst of growth for the city that only increased with the boom in Internet-related industries in the 1990s. The city annexed land at a rapid rate, more than tripling its area between 1960 and 2000; during that same period its population more than quadrupled. The citizenry has long been ethnically diverse, with large and growing Asian and Hispanic communities that combined now constitute some three-fifths of the total population.

The contemporary city

San Jose鈥檚 economy remains heily focused on high technology. Computer hardware design and manufacturing, software production, and Internet concerns are its major industries. Electronic equipment, semiconductors, scientific instruments, and industrial machinery are produced, and business, health, and engineering services are other important economic factors. The Santa Clara Valley continues to be a productive agricultural area. Major crops include greenhouse plants, cut flowers, mushrooms, and an array of fruits and vegetables (notably wine grapes, cherries, peppers, tomatoes, and lettuce); beef cattle are also raised.

The city is home to San Jose State University (1857; part of the California State University system) and San Jose City College (1921); Santa Clara and Stanford universities are nearby. San Jose supports a variety of music, dance, and theatre organizations, including professional ballet and opera companies. Notable museums include the San Jose Museum of Art and the Tech Museum of Innovation. Rosicrucian Park has a museum of Egyptian antiquities and a planetarium and science centre. The Winchester Mystery House, a 160-room Victorian mansion filled with unusual architectural features, was under construction continuously between 1884 and 1922 by the eccentric widow Sarah Winchester, heir to the fortune of the firearms-manufacturing company. It is maintained as a museum, as are Peralta Adobe (1797), the last remaining structure from the original pueblo, and nearby Fallon House (1855), built for one of the city鈥檚 first mayors.

There is an extensive system of municipal and regional parks. Kelley Park, along Coyote Creek, includes a zoo, a Japanese garden, and an outdoor historic museum of restored and replicated buildings from San Jose鈥檚 early years. The 720-acre (290-hectare) Alum Rock Park (1872), on the eastern edge of the city, is California鈥檚 oldest municipal park. The city abounds in flower gardens, notably the Municipal Rose Garden and Overfelt Gardens. San Jose is home to the Sharks, the Bay Area鈥檚 professional ice hockey team. Several state parks are in the vicinity, including Henry W. Coe (southeast) and Big Basin Redwoods (southwest). Lick Observatory is located on Mount Hamilton, about 15 miles (25 km) east of the city.

Access for the whole family! Bundle Britannica Premium and Kids for the ultimate resource destination. Subscribe The Editors of Encyclopaedia BritannicaThis article was most recently revised and updated by Michele Metych.