What is the difference between China's and Chinese in English?
"Chinese" is an adjective referring to China. The range of usage is quite wide:
“Chinese”是一个指代中国的形容词。用法范围很广:
Chinese people (people who are ethnically or legally Chinese, a very general term)
中国人(在民族上或法律上是中国人的人，非常泛指)
Chinese tea (could be Chinese-style tea or from China)
中国茶(可以是中国风格的茶或来自中国的茶)
Chinese thinking (could be the typical thinking of Chinese people)
中国思维(可能是中国人的典型思维)
"China's" refers more specifically to something that belongs to China.
而China’s更具体地指的是属于中国的东西。
China's people (probably not common; refers to people who belong to China, or a specific group of people who are in the service of China. E.g. "China's people [in the negotiations] were talented, tough, and flexible."
中国人(这个说法可能不太常见;指属于中国的人，或为中国服务的特定群体。比如，(在谈判中)中国的人民聪明、坚韧、灵活。
China's thinking (the thinking of the government of China)
中国的思想(这个思想是属于中国或中国政府的，其实也包含政策相关的)
To sum up, "Chinese" has a broad range of use and can depict something as being associated with, typical of, or belonging to China.
总结一下，“Chinese”的使用范围很广，既可以用来描述与中国有关、具有中国特色，也可以描述属于中国的事物(当然，属于中国的同时也具有中国属性)。
"China's" refers to something that belongs to China, or is an action or attitude that can be attributed to China or its government. It is much narrower in usage than "Chinese" and should probably be oided when trying to emphasise Chinese possession of things, people, or territories.
China's指的是属于中国的东西，或者是可以归因于中国的行动或态度。它的用法比“Chinese”要狭窄。当你想要强调中国对事物、人或领土的占有时，应该避免使用Chinese。
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