Crystalline bath salts
Bath salts (also called psychoactive bath salts, PABS[1][2]) are a group of recreational designer drugs.[3][4] The name derives from instances in which the drugs were disguised as bath salts.[5][6][7] The white powder, granules, or crystals often resemble Epsom salts, but differ chemically. The drugs' packaging often states "not for human consumption" in an attempt to circumvent drug prohibition laws.[5] Additionally, they may be described as "plant food", "powdered cleaner", or other products.
Drugs[edit]Bath salts usually contain cathinones, typically methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV, also known as "monkey dust", although this term can refer to MDPHP as well[8]), methylone or mephedrone; however, the chemical composition varies widely[6][9] and products labeled with the same name may also contain derivatives of pyrovalerone or pipradrol. In Europe the main synthetic cathinone is mephedrone, whereas in the US MDPV is more common.[6]
Pharmacology[edit]Pharmacologically, very little is known about how bath salts interact with the brain and how they are metabolized by the body. Scientists are inclined to believe that bath salts he a powerful addictive potential and can increase users' tolerance.[7][10] They are similar to amphetamines in that they cause stimulant effects by increasing the concentration of monoamines such as dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine in synapses.[7][11] They are generally less able to cross the blood brain barrier than amphetamines due to the presence of a beta-keto group that increases the compound's polarity.[7]
Usage[edit]Bath salts can be ingested orally, snorted, smoked, plugged or injected. Bath salts can be detrimental to human health and can potentially cause erratic behior, hallucinations, and delusions.[12] This is often due to their wakefulness-promoting effect, leading to insomnia.
Interaction with alcohol[edit]Bath salts are often consumed concurrently with alcohol. A 2015 study[13] has investigated the interrelation between mephedrone and alcohol, focusing on psychostimulant and rewarding effects. It showed that alcohol, at low (non-stimulant) doses, significantly enhances the psychostimulant effects of mephedrone. This effect is mediated by an increase in synaptic dopamine, as haloperidol, but not ketanserin, was capable of blocking the potentiation by alcohol.[citation needed]
Subjective effects[edit] 3-MMC has become a popular cathinone in recent yearsBath salts come in a powdered or crystallized form that can be swallowed, smoked, injected, or snorted. Subjective effects are similar to MDMA or cocaine[14] but with a duration of 5–6 hours. Both substances cause a rapid onset of action in the central nervous system,[15] and stimulant toxicity.
Adverse effects[edit]Bath salt/monkey dust users he reported symptoms that include headache, heart palpitations, nausea, cold fingers, hallucinations, paranoia, and panic attacks.[16]
Other symptoms similar to those of stimulant overdoses include mydriasis, dyskinesia, tachycardia, and hypertension.[17][18]
In larger doses this class of substances can cause effects similar to those seen in cases of serotonin syndrome.[19] Due to their rapid onset, synthetic cathinones are powerful reward/reinforcers, with high addiction potential.[20] "Monkey dust", "bath salts" or "plant food" are often used at the same time as classical psychoactive drugs. Users who he overdosed often display symptoms of agitation, delirium, hallucinations, seizures, tachycardia, hypertension or hyperthermia.[21]
Detection[edit]MDPV and other synthetic cathinones cannot be smelled by detection dogs[5] and are not detected by typical urinalysis,[22] although they can be detected in urine and hair using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.[23][24] Distributors may disguise the drug as everyday substances such as fertilizer or insect repellent.[5][25]
Prevalence[edit]Little is known about how many people use bath salts.[7] In the UK, mephedrone, commonly known as MCAT, is the fourth most commonly used illicit drug among nightclub goers after cannabis, MDMA and cocaine.[7] Based on reports to the American Association of Poison Control Centers, use of bath salts in the US is thought to he increased significantly between 2010 and 2012.[7] The increase in use is thought to result from their widespread ailability, undetectability on many drug tests, and sensationalist media coverage.[9]
User's age tends to range from 15 to 55, with the erage age being 28.[17]
Legal status[edit] Further information: Mephedrone § Legal status, Methylenedioxypyrovalerone § Legality, and Methylone § Legal statusThe drug policy of Canada since fall 2012 categorizes methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) as a schedule I substance under the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, placing it in the same category as heroin and MDMA.[5] Mephedrone and methylone are already illegal in Canada and most of the United States.[5]
In the United Kingdom, all substituted cathinones were made illegal in April 2010,[26][27] under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971, but other designer drugs such as naphyrone appeared soon after[28] and some products described as legal contained illegal compounds.[29] To oid being controlled by the Medicines Act, designer drugs such as mephedrone he been described as "bath salts", or other misnomers such as "plant food" despite the compounds hing no history of being used for these purposes.[16][30][31]
In July 2012, US federal drug policy was amended to ban the drugs commonly found in bath salts.[32] Prior to that, bath salts were legal in at least 41 states.[33] Prior to the compounds being made illegal, mephedrone, methylone, and MDPV were marketed as bath salts.[34] The "bath salt" name and labels that say "not for human consumption" are an attempt to skirt the Federal Analogue Act, which forbids selling drugs that are substantially similar to drugs already classified for human use.[34][35][36]
Society and the media[edit]Use of bath salts or monkey dust has spread through social media.[37] Anecdotal reports of the drug increasing its users' pain thresholds while simultaneously giving them increased strength can largely be attributed to the emergency services and frontline NHS staff. Such reports he been picked up, and sensationalised by the regional and tabloid press.[38][39] In 2018, in the city Stoke-on-Trent,[40] Monkey dust was reported to be an entirely new compound, when in fact preparations of MDPV and MDPHP or "bath salts" he been ailable since the early 2000s.[41] The print press and broadcast media he often used textual framing techniques to report on synthetic cathinone use among society's most vulnerable.[citation needed] Terms like "epidemic", "zombie attack" and more recently "incredible hulk" are often used when describing users.[42] In August 2018, Staffordshire police said they were receiving around ten calls per day regarding monkey dust. However, it was not clear whether the incidents actually involved monkey dust, or a combination of substances.[43]
Contrary to popular belief, during the investigation of the 2012 Miami cannibal attack toxicologists found no trace of the components in bath salts during the autopsy of the attacker.[44][45]
Bath salts or monkey dust were originally a research chemical or legal highs. Users would purchase the chemicals off the internet, ingest them and blog about the effects.[46]
History[edit]Synthetic cathinones such as mephedrone, which are chemically similar to the cathinone naturally found in the plant Catha edulis (khat), were first synthesised in the 1920s.[7] They remained obscure until the first decade of the 21st century when underground chemists rediscovered them and began to use them in designer drugs, as the compounds were legal in many jurisdictions.[7][47] In 2009 and 2010 there was a significant rise in the use of synthetic cathinones, initially in the United Kingdom and the rest of Europe, and subsequently in the United States. Drugs marketed as "bath salts" first came to the attention of authorities in the US in 2010 after reports were made to US poison centers.[6] In Europe, the drugs were predominantly purchased from websites, but in the US they were mainly sold in small independent stores such as gas stations and head shops.[6] In the US, this often made them easier to obtain than cigarettes and alcohol.[6] Bath salts he also been sold online in small packets.[48]
Hundreds of other designer drugs or "legal highs" he been reported, including artificial chemicals such as synthetic cannabis and semi-synthetic substances such as methylhexaneamine.[49] These drugs are primarily developed to oid being controlled by laws against illegal drugs, thus giving them the label designer drugs.[49]
In the US, the number of calls to poison centers concerning "bath salts" rose from 304 in 2010 to 6,138 in 2011, according to the American Association of Poison Control Centers.[48] Calls related to bath salts then began to decrease; by 2015, the number had declined to 522.[50]
See also[edit] Illegal drug trade Recreational drug use References[edit] ^ Gray, Bobbe Ann; Holland, Cindra (June 2014). "Implications of Psychoactive 'Bath Salts' Use During Pregnancy". Nursing for Women's Health. 18 (3): 220–30. doi:10.1111/1751-486X.12123. PMID 24939199. ^ Ross, Edward A.; Watson, Mary; Goldberger, Bruce (8 September 2011). ""Bath Salts" Intoxication". New England Journal of Medicine. 365 (10): 967–8. doi:10.1056/NEJMc1107097. PMID 21899474. ^ "DEA: Chemicals Used in "Bath Salts" Now Under Federal Control and Regulation". Archived from the original on 25 April 2014. Retrieved 28 December 2013. ^ "Situation Report. Synthetic Cathinones (Bath Salts): An Emerging Domestic Threat" (PDF). United States Department of Justice: National Drug Intelligence Center. Retrieved 1 June 2013. ^ a b c d e f Black, Matthew (25 June 2012). "What are 'bath salts'? A look at Canada's newest illegal drug". CBC News. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. 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Retrieved 18 December 2013. Q. I heard a news story about people using bath salts to get high. How is that possible? My husband and I he two teenagers. Should we talk with them about this?A. The "bath salts" you've heard about he nothing to do with the type that people add to water and use while soaking in a tub. These newer bath salts are designer drugs that circumvent the laws governing controlled or illegal substances, but can be used to get high.The active chemicals in these salts—mephedrone, pyrovalerone, or methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV)—all he stimulant properties. They are ... (contains additional text) ^ Sivagnanam G. (3 February 2012). "News and Views: 'Drug abuse' of a different 'we' length". Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics. 3 (1): 85–86. doi:10.4103/0976-500x.92493 (inactive 11 July 2025).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link) (contains additional text) ^ Mugele, Josh; Nañagas, Kristine A.; Tormoehlen, Laura M. (July 2012). "Serotonin Syndrome Associated with MDPV Use: A Case Report". Annals of Emergency Medicine. 60 (1): 100–102. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.11.033. ISSN 0196-0644. PMID 22237165. ^ Aarde, S. M.; Huang, P. K.; Dickerson, T. J.; Taffe, M. A. (1 June 2015). "Binge-like acquisition of 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) self-administration and wheel activity in rats". Psychopharmacology. 232 (11): 1867–1877. doi:10.1007/s00213-014-3819-4. ISSN 1432-2072. PMC 4426253. PMID 25424056. ^ Beck, Olof; Bäckberg, Matilda; Signell, Patrick; Helander, Anders (2017). "Intoxications in the STRIDA project involving a panorama of psychostimulant pyrovalerone derivatives, MDPV copycats". Clinical Toxicology. 56 (4): 256–263. doi:10.1080/15563650.2017.1370097. PMID 28895757. ^ Winder, G. S.; Stern, N.; Hosanagar, A. (March 2012). "Are "Bath Salts" the next generation of stimulant abuse?". J Subst Abuse Treat. 44 (1): 42–45. doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2012.02.003. PMID 22445773. ^ Baselt, R. (2017). Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man (PDF) (11th ed.). Seal Beach, CA: Biomedical Publications. pp. 1280–1282. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 29 June 2012. ^ Rust KY, Baumgartner MR, Dally AM, Kraemer T (2012). "Prevalence of new psychoactive substances: A retrospective study in hair". Drug Testing and Analysis. 4 (6): 402–408. doi:10.1002/dta.1338. PMID 22522922. ^ "'Bath salts,' synthetic drugs targeted in Schneiderman lawsuits". Long Island Newsday. 10 July 2012. Archived from the original on 28 December 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2013. ^ "BBC – Democracy Live – MPs move to ban mephedrone". BBC News. 7 April 2010. Retrieved 28 December 2013. ^ "The Misuse of Drugs (Amendment) (England, Wales and Scotland) Regulations 2010 No. 1144". Office of Public Sector Information. 16 April 2010. Archived from the original on 5 January 2011. ^ "NRG-1 'legal high' drug is banned". BBC News. 12 July 2010. Retrieved 28 December 2013. ^ Brandt, SD; Sumnall, HR; Measham, F; Cole, J (July 2010). "Second generation mephedrone: The confusing case of NRG-1". British Medical Journal. 341: c3564. doi:10.1136/bmj.c3564. PMID 20605894. S2CID 20354123.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link) ^ "Consideration of the Cathinones" (PDF). Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs. 31 March 2010. p. 25. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 April 2010. Retrieved 1 April 2010. ^ "Police warning over 'bubble' drug". BBC News. 20 November 2009. Retrieved 28 December 2013. ^ Haggin, Patience (10 July 2012). "Obama Signs Federal Ban on 'Bath Salt' Drugs". Time. Newsfeed. Retrieved 28 December 2013. ^ "Synthetic Drug Threats". National Conference of State Legislatures. 28 November 2012. Archived from the original on 6 December 2020. Retrieved 28 December 2013. ^ a b Goodnough, Abby; Zezima, Katie (16 July 2011). "An Alarming New Stimulant, Legal in Many States". The New York Times. Retrieved 15 January 2012. ^ Cumbow, Victoria (6 February 2011). "Synthetic form of cocaine and methamphetamine being packaged as bath salts". The Huntsville Times. Retrieved 10 February 2011. ^ "Reports: Miami 'zombie' attacker may he been using 'bath salts'". CNN. 29 May 2012. Archived from the original on 25 March 2021. Retrieved 28 December 2013. ^ Marsh, Sarah (17 August 2018). "Surge in monkey dust drug use linked to social media, police say". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 8 February 2019. ^ Daly, Max; Clifton, Jamie (16 August 2018). "The Truth About 'Monkey Dust', UK Media's Latest Drug Obsession". Vice. Retrieved 8 February 2019. ^ Johnson, Jamie (15 August 2018). "Monkey dust warning as police say increasingly popular drug is leading to people jumping off buildings". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 8 February 2019. ^ Dies, Ruby (20 November 2018). "Monkey dust couple's warning before setting their house on fire". stokesentinel. 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The Boston Globe. Associated Press. ^ "Causeway Cannibal: Toxicology reports say Rudy Eugene was not on bath salts, but not everyone believes them". Sun Sentinel. Fort Lauderdale, Florida. 20 August 2012. Archived from the original on 20 August 2012. Retrieved 25 January 2022. ^ Boseley, Sarah (4 July 2014). "Psychonauts explore unknown world of legal highs—with themselves as lab rats". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 8 February 2019. ^ Morris, H. (5 April 2010). "Hamilton's Pharmacopeia. Mephedrone: the phantom menace". Vice Magazine. Archived from the original on 30 October 2011. ^ a b Dolak, Kevin (5 June 2012). "'Bath Salts': Use of Dangerous Drug Increasing Across U.S." ABC News: Good Morning America. Retrieved 28 December 2013. ( Page will play audio when loaded) ^ a b McElrath, K; O'Neill, C (March 2011). "Experiences with mephedrone pre- and post-legislative controls: perceptions of safety and sources of supply". The International Journal on Drug Policy. 22 (2): 120–7. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2010.11.001. PMID 21242082. ^ "Bath Salts". American Association of Poison Control Centers. Archived from the original on 19 January 2017. Retrieved 18 January 2017. In 2012, poison centers took 2,697 calls about exposures to bath salts with the number reducing to 998 in 2013. In 2014, there were 587 exposure calls with the number reducing to 522 in 2015. vteStimulantsAdamantanes Adapromine Amantadine Bromantane Memantine Rimantadine Adenosine antagonists 8-Chlorotheophylline 8-Cyclopentyltheophylline 8-Phenyltheophylline Aminophylline Caffeine CGS-15943 Dimethazan Istradefylline Paraxanthine SCH-58261 Theobromine Theophylline Alkylamines Cyclopentamine Cypenamine Cyprodenate Heptaminol Isometheptene Methylhexaneamine Octodrine Propylhexedrine Tuaminoheptane Ampakines CX-516 CX-546 CX-614 CX-691 CX-717 IDRA-21 LY-404,187 LY-503,430 Nooglutyl Org 26576 PEPA S-18986 Sunifiram Unifiram Arylcyclohexylamines Benocyclidine Dieticyclidine Esketamine Eticyclidine Gacyclidine Ketamine Phencyclamine Phencyclidine Rolicyclidine Tenocyclidine Tiletamine Benzazepines 6-Br-APB SKF-77434 SKF-81297 SKF-82958 Cathinones 3-FMC 3-MMC 3,4-DMMC 4-BMC 4-CMC 4-Methylbuphedrone 4-Methylcathinone 4-MEAP 4-Methylpentedrone Amfepramone Benzedrone Buphedrone Bupropion Butylone Cathinone Dimethylcathinone Ethcathinone Ethylone Flephedrone Hexedrone Isoethcathinone Mephedrone Methcathinone Methedrone Methylenedioxycathinone Methylone Mexedrone N-Ethylbuphedrone N-Ethylhexedrone Pentedrone Pentylone Phthalimidopropiophenone Cholinergics A-84,543 A-366,833 ABT-202 ABT-418 AR-R17779 Altinicline Anabasine Arecoline Bradanicline Cotinine Cytisine Dianicline Epibatidine Epiboxidine GTS-21 Ispronicline Nicotine PHA-543,613 PNU-120,596 PNU-282,987 Pozanicline Rivanicline Sazetidine A SIB-1553A SSR-180,711 TC-1698 TC-1827 TC-2216 Tebanicline UB-165 Varenicline WAY-317,538 Convulsants Anatoxin-a Bicuculline DMCM Flurothyl Gabazine Pentetrazol Picrotoxin Strychnine Thujone Eugeroics Adrafinil Armodafinil CRL-40,940 CRL-40,941 Fluorenol Modafinil Oxazolines 4-Methylaminorex Aminorex Clominorex Cyclazodone Fenozolone Fluminorex Pemoline Thozalinone Phenethylamines 1-(4-Methylphenyl)-2-aminobutane 1-Methylamino-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)propane 2-Fluoroamphetamine 2-Fluoromethamphetamine 2-OH-PEA 2-Phenyl-3-aminobutane 2,3-MDA 3-Fluoroamphetamine 3-Fluoroethamphetamine 3-Methoxyamphetamine 3-Methylamphetamine 4-Fluoroamphetamine 4-Fluoromethamphetamine 4-MA 4-MMA 4-MTA 6-FNE AL-1095 Alfetamine a-Ethylphenethylamine Amfecloral Amfepentorex Amidephrine 2-Amino-1,2-dihydronaphthalene 2-Aminoindane 5-(2-Aminopropyl)indole 2-Aminotetralin Acridorex Amphetamine (Dextroamphetamine, Levoamphetamine) Amphetaminil Arbutamine β-Methylphenethylamine β-Phenylmethamphetamine Benfluorex Benzphetamine BDB BOH 3-Benzhydrylmorpholine BPAP Camfetamine Cathine Chlorphentermine Cilobamine Cinnamedrine Clenbuterol Clobenzorex Cloforex Clortermine Cypenamine D-Deprenyl Denopamine Dimethoxyamphetamine Dimethylamphetamine Dobutamine DOPA (Dextrodopa, Levodopa) Dopamine Dopexamine Droxidopa EBDB Ephedrine Epinephrine Epinine Etafedrine Ethylnorepinephrine Etilamfetamine Etilefrine Famprofazone Fencamfamin Fencamine Fenethylline Fenfluramine (Dexfenfluramine, Levofenfluramine) Fenproporex Feprosidnine Fludorex Formetorex Furfenorex Gepefrine Hexapradol HMMA Hordenine 4-Hydroxyamphetamine 5-Iodo-2-aminoindane Ibopamine Indanylamphetamine Iofetamine Isoetarine Isoprenaline L-Deprenyl (Selegiline) Lefetamine Lisdexamfetamine Lophophine MBDB MDA (tenamfetamine) MDBU MDEA MDMA (midomafetamine) MDMPEA MDOH MDPR MDPEA Mefenorex Mephentermine Metanephrine Metaraminol Mesocarb Methamphetamine (Dextromethamphetamine, Levomethamphetamine) Methoxamine Methoxyphenamine MMA Methoxyphenamine MMDA MMDMA MMMA Morforex N,alpha-Diethylphenylethylamine N,N-Dimethylphenethylamine Naphthylamphetamine Nisoxetine Norepinephrine Norfenefrine Norfenfluramine Normetanephrine L-Norpseudoephedrine Octopamine Orciprenaline Ortetamine Oxifentorex Oxilofrine PBA PCA PCMA PHA Pentorex Phenatine Phenpromethamine Phentermine Phenylalanine Phenylephrine Phenylpropanolamine Pholedrine PIA PMA PMEA PMMA PPAP Prenylamine Propylamphetamine Pseudoephedrine Ropinirole Salbutamol (Levosalbutamol) Sibutramine Solriamfetol Synephrine Theodrenaline Tiflorex Tranylcypromine Tyramine Tyrosine Xylopropamine Zylofuramine Phenylmorpholines 3-Fluorophenmetrazine Fenbutrazate Fenmetramide G-130 Manifaxine Morazone Morforex Oxaflozane PD-128,907 Phendimetrazine Phenmetrazine 2-Phenyl-3,6-dimethylmorpholine Pseudophenmetrazine Radafaxine Piperazines 2C-B-BZP 3C-PEP BZP CM156 DBL-583 GBR-12783 GBR-12935 GBR-13069 GBR-13098 GBR-13119 JJC8-088 MeOPP MBZP oMPP Vanoxerine Piperidines 1-Benzyl-4-(2-(diphenylmethoxy)ethyl)piperidine 2-Benzylpiperidine 2-Methyl-3-phenylpiperidine 3,4-Dichloromethylphenidate 4-Benzylpiperidine 4-Fluoromethylphenidate 4-Methylmethylphenidate Desoxypipradrol Difemetorex Diphenylpyraline Ethylnaphthidate Ethylphenidate Methylnaphthidate Isopropylphenidate JZ-IV-10 Methylphenidate (Dexmethylphenidate) Nocaine Phacetoperane Pipradrol Propylphenidate Serdexmethylphenidate SCH-5472 Pyrrolidines 2-Diphenylmethylpyrrolidine 4-Cl-PVP 5-DBFPV α-PPP α-PBP α-PCYP α-PHiP α-PHP α-PHPP α-PVP α-PVT Diphenylprolinol DMPVP FPOP FPVP MDPPP MDPBP MPBP MPHP MPPP MOPVP MOPPP Indapyrophenidone MDPV Naphyrone PEP Picilorex Prolintane Pyrovalerone Racetams Oxiracetam Phenylpiracetam Phenylpiracetam hydrazide Tropanes 4-fluorotropacocaine 4'-Fluorococaine Altropane (IACFT) Brasofensine CFT (WIN 35,428) β-CIT (RTI-55) Cocaethylene Cocaine Dichloropane (RTI-111) Difluoropine FE-β-CPPIT FP-β-CPPIT Ioflupane (123I) Norcocaine PIT PTT RTI-31 RTI-32 RTI-51 RTI-112 RTI-113 RTI-120 RTI-121 (IPCIT) RTI-126 RTI-150 RTI-177 RTI-229 RTI-336 RTI-354 RTI-371 RTI-386 Salicylmethylecgonine Tesofensine Troparil (β-CPT, WIN 35,065-2) Tropoxane WF-23 WF-33 Tryptamines 4-HO-αMT 4-Methyl-αET 4-Methyl-αMT 5-Chloro-αMT 5-Fluoro-αMT 5-MeO-αET 5-MeO-αMT 5-MeO-DIPT 6-Fluoro-αMT 7-Methyl-αET αET αMT Others 2-MDP 3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine Amfonelic acid Amineptine Amiphenazole Atipamezole Atomoxetine Bemegride Benzydamine BTQ BTS 74,398 Centanafadine Ciclazindol Clofenciclan Cropropamide Crotetamide D-161 Desipramine Diclofensine Dimethocaine Efaroxan Etamivan Fenisorex Fenpentadiol Gamfexine Gilutensin GSK1360707F GYKI-52895 Hexacyclonate Idazoxan Indanorex Indatraline JNJ-7925476 Lazabemide Leptacline Lomevactone LR-5182 Mazindol Meclofenoxate Medifoxamine Mefexamide Methamnetamine Methastyridone Methiopropamine Naphthylaminopropane Nefopam Nikethamide Nomifensine O-2172 Oxaprotiline PNU-99,194 PRC200-SS Rasagiline Rauwolscine Rubidium chloride Setazindol Tametraline Tandamine Thiopropamine Thiothinone Trazium UH-232 Yohimbine ATC code: N06B vteRecreational drug useMajor recreational drugsDepressants Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Carbamates Ethanol (alcohol) Alcoholic beverage Beer Wine Gabapentinoids GHB Inhalants Medical Nitrous oxide (recreational use) Hazardous solvents contact adhesives Gasoline nail polish remover Paint thinner Other Freon Ka Nonbenzodiazepines Quinazolinones Quaaludes Opioids Buprenorphine Suboxone Subutex Codeine Lean Desomorphine Krokodil Dextropropoxyphene Darvocet Darvon Fentanyl Diamorphine Heroin Hydrocodone Hydromorphone Dilaudid Methadone Mitragyna speciosa Kratom Morphine Opium Oxycodone /paracetamol Tramadol Stimulants Amphetamine Arecoline Areca Betel Caffeine Coffee Energy drinks Tea Cathinone Khat Cocaine Coca Cocaine paste Crack Ephedrine Ephedra MDPV Mephedrone Methamphetamine Methylone Methylphenidate Modafinil Nicotine Polacrilex Salt Tobacco Theobromine Cocoa Chocolate Entactogens 2C series 6-APB Benzofury AMT MDA MDMA Ecstasy Molly HallucinogensPsychedelics 2C-B 25I-NBOMe 4-AcO-DMT 5-MeO-DMT Psychoactive toads Bufotenin Vilca Yopo DMT Ayahuasca LSA and iso-LSA Morning glory Ergot LSD Mescaline Peruvian torch Peyote San Pedro Psilocybin and psilocin Psilocybin mushrooms Dissociatives DXM (recreational use) Inhalants Nitrous oxide (recreational use) Ketamine MXE PCP Deliriants Atropine and Scopolamine Atropa belladonna Datura Hyoscyamus niger Mandragora officinarum Dimenhydrinate Diphenhydramine Cannabinoids THC Cannabis (Marijuana) Hashish Hash oil Synthetic cannabinoids JWH-018 APICA APINACA Spice Others Ibogaine Tabernanthe iboga Muscimol Amanita muscaria Oneirogens Calea zacatechichi Silene capensis Salvinorin A Salvia divinorum Drug cultureCannabis culture 420 Cannabis consumption Cannabis cultivation Cannabis edible Cannabis rights Cannabis rights leaders List of cannabis rights organizations Cannabis smoking Cannabis Social Club Cannabis tea Cannabis vaping Head shop Legal history of cannabis in the United States Legality of cannabis Marijuana Policy Project Medical cannabis NORML Cannabis and religion Stoner film Coffee culture Coffee break Coffeehouse Latte art Teahouse Drinking culture Bartending Beer culture Beer festival Binge drinking Diethyl ether Drinking games Drinking song Happy hour Hip flask Nightclub Oktoberfest Pub Pub crawl Sommelier Sports bar Tailgate party Wine bar Wine tasting Psychedelia Psychonautics Art Drug Era Experience Literature Music Microdosing Smart shop Therapy Trip report Smoking culture Cigarette card Fashion cigarettes Cloud-chasing Loosie Smokeasy Smoking fetishism Tobacco smoking Other Chasing the dragon Club drug Counterculture of the 1960s Dance party Drug paraphernalia Drug tourism Entheogen Hippie Needle sharing Nootropic Party and play Poly drug use Re Religion and drugs Self-medication Sex and drugs Urban legends about drugs Whoonga Legality of drug useInternational International drug control conventions 1961 Narcotic Drugs 1971 Psychotropic Substances 1988 Drug Trafficking Other treaties addressing drugs Law of the Sea Convention Convention Against Doping Council of the European Union decisions on designer drugs State level Drug policy Decriminalization Legalization Prohibition Regulation Supply reduction Policy reform Demand reduction Drug Policy Alliance Harm reduction Law Enforcement Action Partnership Liberalization Latin America Students for Sensible Drug Policy Drug policy by country Australia 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Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia Brazil Burma Cambodia Chile China Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Cyprus Dominican Republic El Salvador Estonia Finland Germany Haiti Honduras India Indian Ocean region Iran Italy Japan Kenya Kosovo Kyrgyzstan Laos Latin America Latvia Malaysia Mauritius Moldova Nigeria Norway Oman Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Philippines Poland Portugal Puerto Rico Russia Saint Kitts and Nevis Seychelles Slovakia South Africa South Korea Spain Suriname Switzerland Taiwan Thailand Turkey Turks and Caicos Islands United Arab Emirates United States Venezuela Darknet market Pharmaceutical distribution Beer shop Cannabis shop Liquor store Liquor license Issues withdrug use Abuse Addiction Date rape drug Dependence Driving impaired Drug harmfulness Effects of cannabis Drug-related crime Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder Long-term effects of cannabis Neurotoxicity Overdose Passive smoking of tobacco or other substances Harm reduction Drug checking Drug legalization Drug rehabilitation 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