Anesthesia assisted detoxification; injection of high doses of an opiate antagonist.
RECOVERYThe process of improved physical, psychological, and social well-being and health after hing suffered from a substance use disorder.
Read more about: recovery
Read more about: the different definitions of recovery over time
RECOVERY CAPITALThe resources (social, physical, human and cultural), which are necessary to begin and maintain recovery from substance use disorder.
(Best & Laudet, 2010; Cloud & Granfield, 2008)
RECOVERY COACHTypically a non-clinical peer support specialist or “peer mentor” operating within a community organization (e.g., a Recovery Community Center) or a clinical organization (e.g., treatment program or hospital) and can therefore be a paid or volunteer position. Recovery coaches are most often in recovery themselves and therefore offer the lived experience of active addiction and successful recovery. They focus on helping individuals to set & achieve goals important to recovery. They do not offer primary treatment for addiction, do not diagnose, & generally, are not associated with any specific method or pathway to recovery, supporting instead an array of recovery pathways.
View infographic: Meet Your Recovery Team
Read more about: The Recovery Coach Challenge
RECOVERY COMMUNITY CENTERA center or hub that organizes recovery networks regionally and nationally to facilitate supportive relationships between individuals in recovery as well as family and friends of people in recovery. Centers may provide advocacy training, peer support organization meetings, social activities, job linkage, and other community based services.
Learn more about: recovery community centers
RECOVERY COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS (RCO’s)An independent, non-profit organization led and governed by representatives of local communities of individuals in recovery from a substance use disorder.
Learn more about: recovery community centers
RECOVERY ORIENTED SYSTEMS OF CARE (ROSC)A coordinated network of community based services that involve a strengths-based and personalized approach to recovery and increases in quality of life.
Learn more about: Recovery oriented systems of care
RECOVERY RATESThe percentage of addicted persons undergoing treatment, who achieve abstinence or remission following treatment in some stated time period (e.g., in the year following discharge from treatment) Sometimes referred to as “success rate”.
RECOVERY RESIDENCESAn alcohol- and drug-free living facility for individuals recovering from alcohol or other drug use disorders that often serves as an interim living environment between detoxification experiences or residential treatment and mainstream society. Also known as Sober Houses, Sober Living Houses (SLHs), Sober Living Homes, or Sober Living Environments.
Learn more about: recovery residences
RECEPTORVarious specific protein molecules located in the surface membranes of cells & organelles to which complementary molecules may become bound (e.g. hormones, neurotransmitters, antigens, or antibodies).
Learn more about: The brain in recovery
Learn more about: Pharmacotherapy and medications for substance use disorder
REFERRALA clinical linkage strategy designed to enhance engagement with another clinical service, provider, or recovery support service (see also: assertive linkage).
REINFORCEMENT (POSITIVE & NEGATIVE)The application or withdrawal of a stimulus or condition with the goal of increasing the frequency of a behior. Positive reinforcement uses the application of a reward following the behior to increase behior; negative reinforcement uses the withdrawal of a negative stimulus or condition to increase the frequency of behior.
RELAPSE(stigma alert) Relapse often indicates a recurrence of substance use. More technically, it would indicate the recurrence and reinstatement of a substance use disorder and would require an individual to be in remission prior to the occurrence of a relapse.
The highest risk for recurrence of substance use disorder symptoms occurs during the first 90 days following the initial intervention. The risk for recurrence of symptoms decreases after 90 days. This indicates that individuals attempting to recover from substance use disorder need the most intensive support during this first 3-month period, as individuals are experiencing substantial physiological, psychological, and social changes during this early recovery phase. There is typically a greater sensitivity to stress and lowered sensitivity to reward that makes continued recovery challenging.
This term has a stigma alert, as it can imply a moral failing for some people. Instead it may be preferable to use morally neutral terms such as “resumed,” or experienced a “recurrence” of symptoms.
Learn more about: Relapse prevention
(Hubbard et al., 1997; Hunt et al., 1971; White, 2010)
RELAPSE PREVENTION (RP)Relapse Prevention is a skills-based, cognitive-behioral treatment approach that requires patients and their clinicians to identify situations that place the person at greater risk for relapse – both internal experiences (e.g., positive thoughts related to substance use or negative thoughts related to sobriety that arise without effort, called “automatic thoughts”) and external cues (e.g., exposure to people that the person associates with prior substance use).
Read more about: relapse prevention
REMISSIONThe complete absence of symptoms or the presence of symptoms but below a specified threshold. An individual is considered to “in remission” if they once met criteria for a substance use disorder, but he not surpassed the threshold number of criteria within the past year or longer.
Long-term recovery from a substance use disorder is considered by many to occur after 5 years, at which time the likelihood of meeting criteria for substance use disorder in the following year is no greater than that of the general population.
RESIDENTIAL TREATMENTA model of care for substance use disorder that houses affected individuals with others suffering from the same conditions to provide longer-term rehabilitative therapy in a therapeutic socially supportive milieu. Also known sometimes as in-patient treatment, although more technically, is medically managed or monitored whereas residential treatment does not he to be.
RESPONDENT-DRIVEN SAMPLINGRespondent-driven sampling is a method for creating a population sample for a research study that combines “snowball sampling” (where individuals refer people they know to the study, who then refer people they know, and so on), with mathematical models that weight the sample based on certain characteristics to help compensate for the sample not being collected at random.
RISK FACTORSAttributes (e.g., genetics), characteristics (e.g., impulsivity) or exposures (e.g., to prescription opioids) that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury.
Learn more about: What causes addiction
See Infographic: Risk Factors For Addiction Development