一次性医疗器械有哪些 Skin ulcer: Causes, types, symptoms, and treatments

Types of skin ulcer

People can develop the following types of skin ulcer:

Venous skin ulcers

Venous skin ulcers are shallow, open sores that develop in the skin of the lower leg as a result of poor blood circulation.

Damage to the valves inside leg veins prevents blood from returning to the heart. Instead, blood collects in the lower legs, causing them to swell. This swelling puts pressure on the skin, which can cause ulcers.

Arterial (ischemic) skin ulcers

Arterial ulcers occur when the arteries fail to deliver enough oxygen-rich blood to the lower limbs. Without a steady supply of oxygen, the tissues die and an ulcer develops.

Arterial ulcers can form on the outside of the ankle, feet, and toes.

Neuropathic skin ulcers

Neuropathic skin ulcers are a common complication of uncontrolled diabetes. Over time, elevated blood glucose levels can cause nerve damage, which results in a reduced or total loss of feeling in the hands and feet.

This condition is called neuropathy, and it occurs in approximately 60–70 percent of people with diabetes.

Neuropathic skin ulcers develop from smaller wounds, such as blisters or small cuts. A person with diabetes-associated neuropathy might not realize that they he an ulcer until it starts leaking fluid or becomes infected, in which case they may notice a distinct odor.

Bedsores or pressure ulcers

Decubitus ulcers, also called pressure sores or bedsores, occur as a result of constant pressure or friction on the skin.

Skin tissues can withstand a maximum pressure of 30–32 millimeters of mercury. Any increase in pressure beyond this range can lead to poor circulation, tissue death, and eventually ulcer formation.

If left untreated, decubitus ulcers can cause damage to tendons, ligaments, and muscles tissue.

Buruli ulcer

Buruli ulcer is a medical condition caused by the Mycobacterium ulcerans bacteria. An infection with this bacteria can form large ulcers on the arms and legs.

If left untreated, Buruli ulcer can result in permanent physical damage and disability.

Stasis dermatitis

Stasis dermatitis, or gritational dermatitis, is a condition that causes inflammation, irritated skin, and ulcers on the legs. It is the result of fluid buildup due to poor circulation.

According to the National Eczema Association, stasis dermatitis is more common in women than men and people over the age of 50.